MacIntyre C R, Chu C P, Burgess M A
National Center for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia 2145.
Epidemiol Infect. 2003 Aug;131(1):675-82. doi: 10.1017/s0950268803008690.
The aims of the study were to compare the burden of varicella and herpes zoster in Australia. No national surveillance exists for varicella or herpes zoster. We used hospital morbidity data from 1993-9 and pharmaceutical prescribing data from 1995-9. In the financial year 1998/99, there were 4718 hospitalizations for zoster compared to 1991 for varicella. For varicella the mean age of patients was 15 years compared to 69 years for zoster. The mean length of stay in hospital was 4.2 days for varicella and 12.7 days for zoster. Varicella accounted for 8396 (3726 with principal diagnosis varicella) bed days compared to 26 266 (5382 with principal diagnosis of zoster) for zoster. The in-hospital case-fatality rate was 0.4% for varicella and 1% for zoster. In 1999, 59 200 community-based cases of zoster were treated with antivirals. We estimate that 157 266 cases of zoster occurred in the community in 1999, a rate of 830 per 100 000 population. Herpes zoster has a higher burden of disease than varicella, and must be a component of disease surveillance in order to determine the full impact of vaccination on the epidemiology of varicella zoster virus (VZV).
该研究的目的是比较澳大利亚水痘和带状疱疹的疾病负担。目前尚无针对水痘或带状疱疹的全国性监测。我们使用了1993 - 1999年的医院发病率数据以及1995 - 1999年的药品处方数据。在1998/1999财政年度，带状疱疹住院患者有4718例，而水痘为1991例。水痘患者的平均年龄为15岁，带状疱疹患者为69岁。水痘患者的平均住院天数为4.2天，带状疱疹患者为12.7天。水痘占8396个床日（主要诊断为水痘的有3726个），而带状疱疹占26266个床日（主要诊断为带状疱疹的有5382个）。水痘的院内病死率为0.4%，带状疱疹为1%。1999年，59200例社区带状疱疹病例接受了抗病毒治疗。我们估计1999年社区中发生了157266例带状疱疹病例，发病率为每10万人口830例。带状疱疹的疾病负担高于水痘，并且必须成为疾病监测的一部分，以便确定疫苗接种对水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）流行病学的全面影响。
