de Melker Hester, Berbers Guy, Hahné Susan, Rümke Hans, van den Hof Susan, de Wit Ardine, Boot Hein
Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Vaccine. 2006 May 1;24(18):3946-52. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.017. Epub 2006 Feb 24.
We studied the epidemiology of varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles) in The Netherlands to assess the desirability to implement routine varicella zoster virus vaccination in The Netherlands. Data on seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus in the general population (1995-1996), consultations of general practitioners for varicella (2000-2002) and herpes zoster (1998-2001) and hospital admissions due to varicella (1994-2001) and herpes zoster (1994-2001) in The Netherlands were analysed. The seropositivity increased sharply with age from 18.4% for both 0- and 1-year-olds, to 48.9%, 59.0%, 75.7% and 93.0% for 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year-olds, respectively, and varied between 97.5% and 100% for older age groups. The average annual incidence of GP-consultations amounted to 253.5 and 325.0 per 100,000 for varicella and herpes zoster, respectively. The incidence of hospital admission due to varicella and herpes zoster was 1.3 (2.3 including side diagnosis) and 2.7 (5.8) per 100,000, respectively. Whilst for varicella, the incidence of GP-consultations and hospital admissions were highest in childhood, for herpes zoster, these were highest in elderly. Insight into epidemiology of varicella zoster is needed for the assessment of the desirability of introduction of routine varicella zoster vaccination.
我们研究了荷兰水痘（鸡痘）和带状疱疹（蛇串疮）的流行病学情况，以评估在荷兰实施水痘带状疱疹病毒常规疫苗接种的必要性。分析了荷兰普通人群中水痘带状疱疹病毒血清阳性率的数据（1995 - 1996年）、全科医生诊治水痘（2000 - 2002年）和带状疱疹（1998 - 2001年）的情况以及因水痘（1994 - 2001年）和带状疱疹（1994 - 2001年）住院的数据。血清阳性率随年龄急剧上升，0至1岁儿童的血清阳性率为18.4%，2岁、3岁、4岁和5岁儿童的血清阳性率分别升至48.9%、59.0%、75.7%和93.0%，年龄较大组的血清阳性率在97.5%至100%之间。全科医生诊治水痘和带状疱疹的年平均发病率分别为每10万人253.5例和325.0例。因水痘和带状疱疹住院的发病率分别为每10万人1.3例（包括次要诊断为2.3例）和2.7例（包括次要诊断为5.8例）。虽然水痘的全科医生诊治率和住院率在儿童期最高，但带状疱疹的这些比率在老年人中最高。评估引入水痘带状疱疹常规疫苗接种的必要性需要了解水痘带状疱疹的流行病学情况。
