Waterston Tony
Department of Community Paediatrics, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Pediatrics. 2003 Sep;112(3 Part 2):739-41.
Poverty, violence, lack of education, abuse and exploitation, and refugee status are among the primary determinants of the health of children worldwide. There are 1.3 billion people living on less than 1 US dollars per day. Half the world's population, 3 billion people, live on less than 1.30 US dollars per day. Of the 4.4 billion people who live in developing countries, 60% lack access to sanitation, 33% lack clean water, 20% have no health care, and 20% do not have enough dietary energy and protein.(1) The world's 225 richest people have a combined wealth equivalent to the annual income of the poorest 2.5 billion people, nearly half of the world's population.(1) This article describes a number of the social, political, and environmental factors impacting children in the developing (southern hemisphere) world and how these are affected by actions taken in the developed (northern hemisphere) world.
贫困、暴力、缺乏教育、虐待与剥削以及难民身份是全球儿童健康的主要决定因素。全球有13亿人每天生活费不足1美元。世界一半人口，即30亿人，每天生活费不足1.30美元。在生活在发展中国家的44亿人口中，60%无法获得卫生设施，33%缺乏清洁水源，20%没有医疗保健，20%没有足够的饮食能量和蛋白质。（1）世界上最富有的225人所拥有的财富总和相当于最贫穷的25亿人的年收入，这几乎是世界人口的一半。（1）本文描述了一些影响发展中（南半球）世界儿童的社会、政治和环境因素，以及这些因素如何受到发达（北半球）世界所采取行动的影响。
