Binka Fred N, Anto Francis K, Oduro Abraham R, Awini Elizabeth A, Nazzar Alex K, Armah George E, Asmah Richard H, Hall Andrew J, Cutts Felicity, Alexander Neal, Brown David, Green Jon, Gray Jim, Iturriza-Gómara Miren
Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana.
Trop Med Int Health. 2003 Sep;8(9):840-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01097.x.
We measured the type-specific incidence of paediatric rotavirus diarrhoea in an area of northern Ghana. Over 1 year, diarrhoea 1717 episodes were identified, of which 677 (39%) were positive for rotavirus. Risk factors for rotavirus infection included old age, wasting, high Vesikari score and the episode occurring in the dry season. Rotavirus-positive episodes tended to be more acute, causing vomiting and greater dehydration, and were more likely to require hospitalization. The incidence was 0.089 episodes per person-year for all diarrhoea, and 0.035 for rotavirus diarrhoea. The observed incidence decreased markedly with distance from the nearest health centre, suggesting a large unobserved burden. G2P[6], G3P[4] and G9P[8] made up more than half the genotypes detected, but the remainder were diverse. There is a large burden of rotavirus diarrhoea, but the effectiveness of future vaccines could be diluted by the high polymorphism of the virus, and the difficulty of reaching remote populations.
我们在加纳北部某地区测量了小儿轮状病毒腹泻的型特异性发病率。在一年多的时间里，共识别出1717例腹泻病例，其中677例（39%）轮状病毒检测呈阳性。轮状病毒感染的风险因素包括年龄较大、消瘦、Vesikari评分较高以及腹泻发生在旱季。轮状病毒阳性的病例往往更为急性，会引起呕吐和更严重的脱水，且更有可能需要住院治疗。所有腹泻的发病率为每人每年0.089例，轮状病毒腹泻的发病率为每人每年0.035例。观察到的发病率随着与最近的医疗中心距离的增加而显著下降，这表明存在大量未被观察到的负担。G2P[6]、G3P[4]和G9P[8]占检测到的基因型的一半以上，但其余的则多种多样。轮状病毒腹泻负担沉重，但病毒的高多态性以及难以覆盖偏远人群可能会削弱未来疫苗的有效性。
