Gitlitz Barbara J, Figlin Robert A
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, 2333 PVUB, 10945 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Urol Clin North Am. 2003 Aug;30(3):589-600. doi: 10.1016/s0094-0143(03)00027-2.
The use of recombinant gene technology to produce commercially available amounts of cytokines heralded an era of clinical applications of immunotherapy. Although the response rates to cytokine therapies are modest and sometimes occur at the expense of great cost and toxicity, they are proof of the principal that even large tumor burdens can be overcome by purely immune modulation. The interleukins and the interferons have been used in various phases of clinical trials in RCC. The maturation and final results of phase III trials are needed to guide clinical practice. In the meantime, the knowledge gained clinically and in the laboratory should lead to continued improvements and outcomes in immunotherapy for RCC.
利用重组基因技术生产可满足商业需求数量的细胞因子开创了免疫疗法临床应用的时代。尽管细胞因子疗法的有效率一般，且有时是以高昂的成本和毒性为代价，但它们证明了一个原则，即即使是巨大的肿瘤负荷也可以通过单纯的免疫调节来克服。白细胞介素和干扰素已用于肾癌的各个临床试验阶段。需要III期试验的成熟结果和最终结果来指导临床实践。与此同时，从临床和实验室获得的知识应能使肾癌免疫疗法不断改进并取得更好的疗效。
