Putz R, Milz S, Maier M, Boszczyk A
Anatomische Anstalt, München, Germany.
Orthopade. 2003 Aug;32(8):684-90. doi: 10.1007/s00132-003-0508-0.
The distribution of the thickness of cartilage as well as of the subchondral mineralization reflects the various stresses on the joint compartments. Both long bones of the lower arm participate in load bearing. The humeroradial and humeroulnar parts of the joint are incongruent. The capitulum humeri is slightly smaller than the corresponding fovea, whereas the radius of the trochlea is bigger than that of the incisura trochlearis. Therefore, the medial compartment can be seen as a dynamic pressure-transmitting system. The collateral ligaments limit the degree of flexion and extension together with the olecranon and coronoid process. In the extreme flexed position the insertion regions of the ligaments at the humeral crests are twisted. This may explain why the corresponding entheses consist of fibrocartilage. Some molecular components of these regions can become targets of autoimmune reactions. The rotational movements are restricted by soft tissues and muscles.
软骨厚度以及软骨下矿化的分布反映了关节腔上的各种应力。下臂的两根长骨都参与负重。关节的肱桡部分和肱尺部分不匹配。肱骨小头略小于相应的凹，而滑车的半径大于滑车切迹的半径。因此，内侧腔可被视为一个动态压力传递系统。侧副韧带与鹰嘴和冠突一起限制屈伸程度。在极度屈曲位置，韧带在肱骨嵴的附着区域会发生扭转。这可能解释了为什么相应的附着点由纤维软骨组成。这些区域的一些分子成分可能成为自身免疫反应的靶点。旋转运动受到软组织和肌肉的限制。
