Adebayo R A, Oladoyin A M, Irinoye O O
Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife.
Niger J Med. 2003 Jan-Mar;12(1):12-21.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has become a major global public health problem with rising number of cases and associated deaths. Most of the present activities in developing countries, especially in Africa, are aimed at reducing the transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes AIDS. Care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is essential not only to mitigate the impacts of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA but is also an important component of prevention of the disease. There is now a general recognition that comprehensive care across the continuum should be provided to PLWHA through all the stages of infection, with a crucial role for community-home based care activities. In addition, AIDS orphans need to be supported Although, documented evidences abound on the utility of comprehensive care and community-home based care approaches outside Africa and in some African countries, there is little information on them in Nigeria. This paper therefore reviews the recent epidemiology of HIV infection, the many currently developed initiatives to deliver comprehensive care for PLWHA in the hospital, community and at home, and the issue of AIDS orphans. In addition, measures to effectively integrate them into the mainstream of societal activities are discussed.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）大流行已成为一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，病例数和相关死亡人数不断上升。发展中国家，尤其是非洲的当前大多数活动旨在减少导致艾滋病的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的传播。对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLWHA）的护理不仅对于减轻艾滋病毒/艾滋病对PLWHA的影响至关重要，也是预防该疾病的重要组成部分。现在人们普遍认识到，应在感染的各个阶段为PLWHA提供贯穿整个连续过程的全面护理，社区居家护理活动起着关键作用。此外，艾滋病孤儿需要得到支持。尽管在非洲以外地区和一些非洲国家，关于全面护理和社区居家护理方法的效用有大量文献记载，但在尼日利亚，关于这些方面的信息却很少。因此，本文回顾了近期艾滋病毒感染的流行病学情况、目前在医院、社区和家庭为PLWHA提供全面护理的众多举措，以及艾滋病孤儿问题。此外，还讨论了将这些举措有效纳入社会活动主流的措施。
