Edil Tuncer B
University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Waste Manag. 2003;23(7):561-71. doi: 10.1016/S0956-053X(03)00101-6.
Leachates from municipal solid waste (MSW) and hazardous waste landfills contain a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in addition to inorganic compounds. VOCs have been shown to migrate and contaminate the surrounding environment and impair the use of groundwater. Therefore, the effectiveness of modern landfill liner systems to minimize migration of VOCs is of concern. Most modern landfills employ a composite liner consisting of a geomembrane overlying a compacted clay liner or a geosynthetic clay liner. The geomembrane is often believed to be the primary barrier to contaminant transport. However, for VOCs, the clay component usually controls the rate of transport since VOCs are shown to diffuse through geomembrane at appreciable rates. Additionally, analyses have shown that transport of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generally is more critical than transport of inorganic compounds (e.g., toxic heavy metals), even though VOCs are often found at lower concentrations in leachates. Therefore, the effectiveness of modern landfill liner systems to minimize migration of VOCs and transport of VOCs through clay liners and modeling of transport through composite liners merit scrutiny. This paper presents a review of recent research by the author and others on these topics. A systematic and comprehensive approach to determine mass transport parameters for transport of VOCs in liquid phase through compacted clay liners, geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), and geomembranes has enabled to develop realistic models to predict mass flux of VOCs through modern composite liners and provide a quantitative basis to evaluate potential for transport of dissolved VOCs and the equivalency of different composite liners.
城市固体废弃物（MSW）和危险废弃物填埋场的渗滤液中，除了无机化合物外，还含有多种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。VOCs已被证明会迁移并污染周边环境，还会损害地下水的使用。因此，现代垃圾填埋场衬垫系统在最大程度减少VOCs迁移方面的有效性备受关注。大多数现代垃圾填埋场采用由土工膜覆盖压实粘土衬垫或土工合成粘土衬垫组成的复合衬垫。土工膜通常被认为是污染物传输的主要屏障。然而，对于VOCs而言，粘土成分通常控制着传输速率，因为已表明VOCs能以可观的速率扩散通过土工膜。此外，分析表明，挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的传输通常比无机化合物（如有毒重金属）的传输更为关键，尽管在渗滤液中VOCs的浓度通常较低。因此，现代垃圾填埋场衬垫系统在最大程度减少VOCs迁移以及VOCs通过粘土衬垫的传输情况，以及复合衬垫传输建模的有效性值得仔细研究。本文综述了作者及其他人员近期在这些主题上的研究。一种系统且全面的方法用于确定VOCs在液相中通过压实粘土衬垫、土工合成粘土衬垫（GCLs）和土工膜的传质参数，这使得能够开发出现实的模型来预测VOCs通过现代复合衬垫的质量通量，并为评估溶解态VOCs的传输潜力以及不同复合衬垫之间的等效性提供定量依据。
