Evandri Maria Grazia, Costa Lucio Guido, Bolle Paola
Department of Pharmacology of Natural Substances and General Physiology, University La Sapienza P.le Aldo Moro, 5 00185 Rome, Italy.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003 Sep;22(9):2167-72. doi: 10.1897/02-313.
Brominated flame retardants belong to a new class of environmental contaminants. To obtain new information regarding the effects of 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether (BDE-99), one of the most frequently reported congeners in freshwater biota, the inhibition of algal growth of Raphidocelis subcapitara (also known as Selenastrum capricornutum) and acute toxicity to Daphnia magna were examined. The experimental design also involved a comparison with the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor 1254. The uptake of BDE-99 by R. subcapitata and the transfer to D. magna (i.e., a higher level of aquatic biota in the food chain) was also assessed to verify the bioaccumulation phenomenon. After 24 h, BDE-99 appeared to be less toxic than Aroclor 1254 to D. magna, but the two compounds showed a similar toxicity at 48 h. In contrast to Aroclor 1254, BDE-99 was nontoxic to R. subcapitata at up to 100 microM, the highest tested concentration. However, the dose-dependent decrease in survival and impairment of reproduction of D. magna fed with BDE-99-treated algal culture demonstrate uptake by R. subcapitata. Because of the high persistence and bioconcentration, polybrominated diphenyl ethers as well as PCBs might be of environmental concern for years.
溴化阻燃剂属于一类新型环境污染物。为了获取有关2,2',4,4',5-溴代二苯醚（BDE-99）影响的新信息，BDE-99是淡水生物群中最常报告的同系物之一，研究了其对头状针杆藻（也称为羊角月牙藻）藻类生长的抑制作用以及对大型溞的急性毒性。实验设计还包括与多氯联苯（PCB）Aroclor 1254进行比较。还评估了头状针杆藻对BDE-99的吸收以及向大型溞（即食物链中较高营养级的水生生物）的转移，以验证生物累积现象。24小时后，BDE-99对大型溞的毒性似乎低于Aroclor 1254，但两种化合物在48小时时显示出相似的毒性。与Aroclor 1254不同，在高达100 microM（测试的最高浓度）时，BDE-99对 头状针杆藻无毒。然而，用BDE-99处理过的藻类培养物喂养的大型溞的存活率呈剂量依赖性下降以及繁殖受损，这表明头状针杆藻吸收了BDE-99。由于多溴二苯醚和多氯联苯具有高持久性和生物富集性，它们可能在未来数年都受到环境关注。
