Maynard Robert, Krewski Daniel, Burnett Richard T, Samet Jonathan, Brook Jeffrey R, Granville Geoff, Craig Lorraine
U.K. Department of Health, London, United Kingdom.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2003;66(16-19):1891-904. doi: 10.1080/15287390390212477.
The NERAM International Colloquia series is a program of five annual meetings involving scientists, regulators, industry representatives, and other stakeholder groups to improve the linkage between emerging scientific evidence on the population health impacts of exposure to particulate matter and clean air policy decisions. Health and Air Quality 2001, the first meeting in the colloquium series, focused on the findings of prospective cohort studies of particulate air pollution and mortality and implications for risk management. A further objective of the colloquium was to identify research directions to reduce information gaps and uncertainties faced by policy makers. This article discusses priority themes for future research to generate evidence in support of policy decisions to improve air quality and population health. These research themes include development of population health indicators to characterize the public health burden of air pollution; individual exposure and outcome studies to the currently available database on the association between air pollution and adverse health effects; identification of sensitive subpopulations; techniques to assess the independent effects of individual pollutants on population health; comparative risk assessment; methods for characterization and communication of uncertainty in risk estimates; effectiveness of policy interventions to guide allocation of limited population health protection resources; improved predictions of the benefits of interventions through appropriate economic analyses: targeted interventions; and approaches for effective stakeholder engagement in risk management policy decisions. Future meetings in the NERAM Colloquium series will provide a forum for discussion of the current state of knowledge and policy implications of findings associated with these key research themes.
NERAM国际学术研讨会系列是一个包含五次年度会议的项目，参会人员有科学家、监管机构人员、行业代表以及其他利益相关群体，旨在加强关于接触颗粒物对人群健康影响的新科学证据与清洁空气政策决策之间的联系。2001年召开的“健康与空气质量”会议是该研讨会系列的首次会议，重点关注了颗粒物空气污染与死亡率的前瞻性队列研究结果及其对风险管理的启示。该研讨会的另一个目标是确定研究方向，以减少政策制定者面临的信息差距和不确定性。本文讨论了未来研究的优先主题，以生成证据支持改善空气质量和人群健康的政策决策。这些研究主题包括：制定人群健康指标以描述空气污染的公共卫生负担；基于空气污染与不良健康影响之间关联的现有数据库开展个体暴露与结果研究；识别敏感亚人群；评估单个污染物对人群健康独立影响的技术；比较风险评估；风险估计中不确定性的表征与沟通方法；指导有限人群健康保护资源分配的政策干预措施的有效性；通过适当的经济分析改进对干预措施效益的预测：有针对性的干预措施；以及利益相关者有效参与风险管理政策决策的方法。NERAM研讨会系列的未来会议将提供一个论坛，用于讨论与这些关键研究主题相关的知识现状和研究结果的政策含义。
