Fujihara Kazuo
Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 2003 Aug;61(8):1293-9.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS is classified into clinical subtypes, such as relapsing-remitting MS, primary and secondary progressive MS, benign MS and malignant MS. In Japan, the classification based on the lesion distribution is also commonly used. There are two subtypes in this classification, conventional MS, in which demyelinating plaques are disseminated within CNS, and optic spinal MS, or relapsing neuromyelitis optica, characterized by the selective involvement of the optic nerves and spinal cord. Clinical manifestations and MRI findings of the clinical subtypes and their immuno-pathology are reviewed with emphasis on the unique features of Japanese MS.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的脱髓鞘疾病。MS分为临床亚型，如复发缓解型MS、原发进展型和继发进展型MS、良性MS和恶性MS。在日本，基于病变分布的分类也普遍使用。该分类中有两个亚型，传统型MS，其脱髓鞘斑块散布于中枢神经系统内，以及视神经脊髓型MS，或复发型视神经脊髓炎，其特征为视神经和脊髓的选择性受累。本文回顾了临床亚型的临床表现、MRI表现及其免疫病理学，并重点介绍了日本MS的独特特征。
