Beltrán-Aguilar Eugenio D, Malvitz Dolores M, Lockwood Stuart A, Rozier R Gary, Tomar Scott L
Division of Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-10, Chamblee, GA 30341, USA.
J Public Health Dent. 2003 Summer;63(3):141-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2003.tb03492.x.
We reviewed and summarized the efforts in the United States to collect data on oral diseases, conditions, and behaviors implemented at the national and state level. The main characteristics of these efforts were: (1) systematic collection of data from representative samples, mostly at the national level; (2) one-time or sporadic experiences when data are collected at state and local levels; (3) use of visual-tactile protocols implemented at the tooth-surface or tooth-site level for data collection; (4) focus mainly on dental caries and periodontal diseases; and (5) leap-time from data collection to publication of results. Using the definition of surveillance in public health (the ongoing and systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome-specific data for use in planning, implementing, and evaluating public health practice), we show there is an impending need to develop new techniques to build up surveillance systems for oral diseases, conditions, and behaviors at the national, state, and local levels. In the second part of this review, we presented a number of alternative techniques developed in the last 10 years to collect timely data for oral health. The main characteristics of these efforts include: (1) focusing on data collection at state and local level; (2) integration into existing and ongoing surveillance systems; (3) using visual-only protocols to collect data on oral disease status; (4) focusing on a variety of diseases, conditions, and behaviors; and (5) analyzing the data in a timely matter. Many of these efforts have been integrated into the National Oral Health Surveillance System, which has developed eight indicators in response to national health objectives. Finally, we envision the future of visual-tactile protocols in data collection of representative samples to monitor oral health status at the national level and as a research tool. At the state and local level, however, we envision an integrated system of data collection as a constantly evolving process as new techniques are developed in response to new demands.
我们回顾并总结了美国在国家和州层面为收集口腔疾病、状况及行为数据所做的工作。这些工作的主要特点包括：（1）大多在国家层面从代表性样本中系统收集数据；（2）在州和地方层面收集数据时为一次性或零星的经历；（3）使用在牙面或牙位水平实施的视觉触觉方案收集数据；（4）主要关注龋齿和牙周疾病；（5）从数据收集到结果发布存在时间间隔。利用公共卫生监测的定义（持续且系统地收集、分析和解读特定结果数据，以用于规划、实施和评估公共卫生实践），我们表明迫切需要开发新技术，以建立国家、州和地方层面的口腔疾病、状况及行为监测系统。在本综述的第二部分，我们介绍了过去十年中开发的一些替代技术，用于及时收集口腔健康数据。这些工作的主要特点包括：（1）关注州和地方层面的数据收集；（2）整合到现有的和正在进行的监测系统中；（3）使用仅视觉的方案收集口腔疾病状况数据；（4）关注多种疾病、状况及行为；（5）及时分析数据。其中许多工作已整合到国家口腔健康监测系统中，该系统已根据国家卫生目标制定了八项指标。最后，我们展望了视觉触觉方案在国家层面收集代表性样本数据以监测口腔健康状况以及作为研究工具的未来。然而，在州和地方层面，随着新技术应新需求而开发，我们设想数据收集的综合系统是一个不断发展的过程。
