Macassa Gloria, Ghilagaber Gebrenegus, Bernhardt Eva, Burström Bo
Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Social Medicine, Center for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Public Health. 2003 Jul;117(4):221-7. doi: 10.1016/S0033-3506(03)00077-5.
This study describes urban and rural trends of infant, child and under-five mortality in Mozambique (1973-1997) by mother's place of residence. A direct method of estimation was applied to the 1997 Mozambican Demographic and Health Survey data. The levels of infant, child and under-five mortality were considerably higher in rural than in urban areas. The difference in mortality between urban and rural areas increased over time until 1988-1992 and thereafter diminished. Possible causes of the different trends (e.g. the impact of civil war, drought, migration, adjustment programme and HIV/AIDS) are discussed. The increase in mortality in urban areas during the last few years before the survey may have been related to the immigration to urban areas of mothers whose children had high levels of mortality. Higher levels of infant, child and under-five mortality still prevail, particularly in rural areas. Further studies are needed to investigate the differentials of infant and child mortality by mother's place of residence.
本研究按母亲居住地描述了莫桑比克1973 - 1997年婴儿、儿童及五岁以下儿童的城乡死亡率趋势。对1997年莫桑比克人口与健康调查数据采用了直接估计法。农村地区的婴儿、儿童及五岁以下儿童死亡率水平显著高于城市地区。城乡死亡率差异在1988 - 1992年之前随时间增加，此后减小。文中讨论了不同趋势的可能原因（如内战、干旱、移民、调整计划及艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响）。调查前最后几年城市地区死亡率的上升可能与子女死亡率高的母亲向城市地区移民有关。婴儿、儿童及五岁以下儿童的较高死亡率仍然普遍存在，尤其是在农村地区。需要进一步研究以调查按母亲居住地划分的婴儿及儿童死亡率差异。
