Macivor K M de F, Horak I G
Tick Research Unit, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139 South Africa. Present address: 33 Blackbrook Road, Fareham, Hampshire, PO 155 DQ, England.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2003 Jun;70(2):113-20.
At monthly intervals from February 1983 to January 1984 two Angora goats, two Boer goats, one grysbok, Raphicerus melanotis, one common duiker, Sylvicapra grimmia, one greater kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, and four scrub hares, Lepus saxatilis, were killed on a farm in Valley Bushveld in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa and examined for ticks. Seven ixodid tick species were collected, of which Rhipicephalus glabroscutatum followed by Amblyomma hebraeum and Rhipicephalus oculatus were the most numerous. Amblyomma hebraeum was mainly a parasite of the two goat breeds, with the Angora goats harbouring greater numbers than the Boer goats, while large numbers of R. glabroscutatum parasitized the goats and the antelopes. Rhipicephalus oculatus was nearly exclusively a parasite of scrub hares. The larvae of A. hebraeum were most numerous on goats from May to July, the nymphs from September to November and the adults from August to December and during February, while the immature stages of R. glabroscutatum were most numerous on these animals from April to July and the adults from August to December. Peak activity periods of the latter tick were somewhat longer on kudus than on goats; the immature stages were most numerous from January to August and the adults from July to February. The larvae of R. oculatus were most numerous on scrub hares from March to May, nymphs from September to November and adults from October to December.
1983年2月至1984年1月期间，每月都有两只安哥拉山羊、两只波尔山羊、一只灰小羚羊（黑耳兔羚）、一只普通小羚羊（格氏小羚羊）、一只大林羚（扭角林羚）和四只灌丛野兔（南非野兔）在南非东开普省山谷灌丛林地的一个农场被宰杀，并检查是否有蜱虫。共采集到七种硬蜱，其中光滑盾蜱数量最多，其次是希伯来花蜱和眼蜱。希伯来花蜱主要寄生于这两个山羊品种，安哥拉山羊身上的数量比波尔山羊多，而大量的光滑盾蜱寄生于山羊和羚羊身上。眼蜱几乎只寄生于灌丛野兔。希伯来花蜱的幼虫在5月至7月的山羊身上数量最多，若虫在9月至11月最多，成虫在8月至12月以及2月最多；而光滑盾蜱的未成熟阶段在4月至7月的这些动物身上数量最多，成虫在8月至12月最多。后一种蜱在林羚身上的活动高峰期比在山羊身上稍长；未成熟阶段在1月至8月数量最多，成虫在7月至2月最多。眼蜱的幼虫在3月至5月的灌丛野兔身上数量最多，若虫在9月至11月最多，成虫在10月至12月最多。
