Côté J K, Fortin M F
Can J Nurs Res. 1992 Fall;24(3):19-35.
This study was conducted to describe the adaptation process to illness. The study subjects were 50 AIDS patients. The study variables and tools of measurement were chosen according to the Psychosocial Adaptation Model of Craig and Edwards (1983). It was found that throughout the disease process an appraisal-reappraisal of the situation is continuous. The sick person constantly evaluated the severity of his losses and the availability of the coping strategies at his disposal. The study results demonstrated that persons afflicted with AIDS suffer considerable amount of physical and psychosocial prejudice. It was apparent that the patients who suffered severe physical, psychological and social losses used avoidance strategies. Those preoccupied with the physical losses had a tendency to use the strategy of emotional discharge. Otherwise the study subjects sought information rather than emotional discharge to come to terms with their losses. In addition, the use of logical analysis strategies was associated with an increase in psychological well-being. In contrast, the strategy of avoidance was associated with a decrease in well-being. Finally, the subjects with the advanced disease experienced more severe losses of a social nature and made less use of logical analysis strategies than did subjects in the early phases of the disease.
本研究旨在描述疾病适应过程。研究对象为50名艾滋病患者。研究变量和测量工具是根据克雷格和爱德华兹（1983年）的社会心理适应模型选取的。研究发现，在整个疾病过程中，对病情的评估和重新评估是持续不断的。患者不断评估自己所遭受损失的严重程度以及可供其使用的应对策略。研究结果表明，艾滋病患者遭受了相当多的身体和社会心理方面的偏见。显然，遭受严重身体、心理和社会损失的患者采用回避策略。那些专注于身体损失的患者倾向于采用情绪宣泄策略。否则，研究对象会寻求信息而非情绪宣泄来应对自己的损失。此外，使用逻辑分析策略与心理健康状况的改善有关。相比之下，回避策略与幸福感的降低有关。最后，病情晚期的患者经历了更严重的社会性质的损失，并且比疾病早期的患者更少使用逻辑分析策略。
