Schmidt L S, Nyachoti C M, Slominski B A
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2.
J Anim Sci. 2003 Sep;81(9):2270-8. doi: 10.2527/2003.8192270x.
A total of 272 Cotswold pigs (17 +/- 1 d) were utilized in three experiments to evaluate the nutritive value of spray-dried egg proteins for early-weaned pigs. In all experiments, pigs were stratified by sex and initial BW and then assigned randomly to experimental diets. In Exp. 1, four corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 7% of either spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), spray-dried technical albumen (SDTA), SDTA stored at 70 degrees C for 3 d (SDTA-ht), or spray-dried whole egg (SDWE) were assigned to five pens each with four pigs for a 3-wk study period. Average daily gain, ADFI, and gain:feed ratio (G:F) were determined. At the end of wk 3, five pigs per treatment were killed to determine ileal AA and energy digestibilities, as well as Enterobacteriaceae counts. Compared with the SDPP diet, ADG and G:F were lower (P < 0.05) for SDTA-, SDTA-ht- and SDWE-containing diets. Apparent ileal digestibilities of cystine, histidine, isoleucine, methionine, and threonine in the SDPP diet were lower (P < 0.05) than in diets containing spray-dried egg products. Ileal digestible energy content did not differ (P > 0.05) in all diets (3.1 to 3.2 Mcal/kg). Enterobacteriaceae counts were lower in the SDTA-ht diet than in either the SDTA or SDWE diets (P < 0.05). In Exp. 2, the effect of substituting SDPP with varying levels of SDTA was investigated. Diets were randomly assigned to five pens (except for the 100% SDTA diet, which had four pens), each with four pigs. Average daily gain, ADFI, and G:F decreased linearly as the level of SDTA was increased in the diet (P < 0.05). Replacing SDPP with SDTA at 25 or 50% had no effect on pig performance (P > 0.10). In Exp. 3, phase I diets containing 0, 25, or 50% SDTA in place of SDPP (7% of the diet) were each assigned at random to eight pens each with four pigs for a 14-d period, after which all pigs were switched to a common phase II diet lacking both SDPP and SDTA for another 14 d. Average daily feed intake and ADG did not differ among all diets in phase I and II and overall (d 0 to 28). Pigs fed the diet containing 50% SDTA in phase I had lower (P < 0.05) G:F than those fed the SDPP diet. The results indicate that technical albumen can replace 25 to 50% of SDPP in early-weaned pig diets without compromising performance, and further suggest that heat-treated SDTA may affect intestinal microbial population in pigs.
总共272头科茨沃尔德猪（17±1日龄）被用于三项试验，以评估喷雾干燥蛋蛋白对早期断奶仔猪的营养价值。在所有试验中，仔猪按性别和初始体重分层，然后随机分配到试验日粮组。在试验1中，四种以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮，分别含有7%的喷雾干燥猪血浆（SDPP）、喷雾干燥工业蛋白粉（SDTA）、在70℃储存3天的SDTA（SDTA-ht）或喷雾干燥全蛋（SDWE），每种日粮分配到五个栏，每个栏有四头猪，进行为期3周的研究。测定平均日增重、平均日采食量和增重：饲料比（G:F）。在第3周结束时，每个处理处死五头猪，以测定回肠氨基酸和能量消化率以及肠杆菌科菌数。与SDPP日粮相比，含SDTA、SDTA-ht和SDWE的日粮的平均日增重和G:F较低（P<0.05）。SDPP日粮中胱氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、蛋氨酸和苏氨酸的表观回肠消化率低于含喷雾干燥蛋产品的日粮（P<0.05）。所有日粮的回肠可消化能量含量无差异（P>0.05）（3.1至3.2Mcal/kg）。SDTA-ht日粮中的肠杆菌科菌数低于SDTA或SDWE日粮（P<0.05）。在试验2中，研究了用不同水平的SDTA替代SDPP的效果。日粮随机分配到五个栏（100%SDTA日粮为四个栏），每个栏有四头猪。随着日粮中SDTA水平的增加，平均日增重、平均日采食量和G:F呈线性下降（P<0.05）。用25%或50%的SDTA替代SDPP对仔猪性能无影响（P>＞0.10）。在试验3中，分别含有0%、25%或50%SDTA替代SDPP（占日粮的7%）的第一阶段日粮，每种随机分配到八个栏，每个栏有四头猪，为期14天，之后所有仔猪换成不含SDPP和SDTA的普通第二阶段日粮，再持续14天。第一阶段和第二阶段以及整个期间（第0至28天），所有日粮的平均日采食量和平均日增重无差异。在第一阶段饲喂含50%SDTA日粮的仔猪的G:F低于饲喂SDPP日粮的仔猪（P<0.05）。结果表明，工业蛋白粉可替代早期断奶仔猪日粮中25%至50%的SDPP而不影响性能，进一步表明热处理的SDTA可能影响仔猪肠道微生物菌群。
