Castéla F, Legros F, Lagardère B
Unité de réanimation médicale, hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, AP-HP, 82, avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2003 Sep;10(9):758-65. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(03)00396-8.
Among the European countries, France is the most affected by imported malaria. The aim of this study was to take stock of the situation of imported malaria in children in France.
Attacks of malaria in children less than 15-year-old which have been notified to Centre National de Référence des Maladies d'Importation (CNRMI) were reviewed retrospectively between 1995 and 1997 and 1995 and 1998 for severe malaria.
Over a period of 3 years, 1256 malaria attacks were notified in children including 90.9% without signs of severity. The mean age was 7 years. Sex ratio was 1.19. About 44.5% were French. Most of the cases were acquired in Africa. Plasmodium falciparum was involved in 79.2% of the cases. About 61.8% of children have been under prophylaxis but only 37.9% admit good compliance. Chemoprophylaxis was frequently inadequate. Halofantrine was prescribed for 76% of these children. Over a 4-year period, 51 children were notified as severe malaria attacks. Among them, 17 had severe malaria as defined by the World Health Organisation criteria. Most of these patients (73%) were treated by quinine by intravenous route. Two children died.
Paediatric malaria is not rare in France. Only the improvement of prophylaxis could decrease the incidence of malaria in France.
在欧洲国家中，法国受输入性疟疾影响最为严重。本研究旨在评估法国儿童输入性疟疾的情况。
回顾性分析1995年至1997年以及1995年至1998年期间向法国国家输入性疾病参考中心（CNRMI）报告的15岁以下儿童疟疾发作情况，以及严重疟疾情况。
在3年期间，共报告了1256例儿童疟疾发作，其中90.9%无严重症状。平均年龄为7岁。男女比例为1.19。约44.5%为法国人。大多数病例是在非洲感染的。恶性疟原虫感染占病例的79.2%。约61.8%的儿童接受了预防措施，但只有37.9%的儿童依从性良好。化学预防措施常常不足。76%的儿童使用了卤泛群。在4年期间，有51例儿童被报告为严重疟疾发作。其中，17例符合世界卫生组织标准定义的严重疟疾。这些患者大多数（73%）通过静脉注射奎宁进行治疗。两名儿童死亡。
小儿疟疾在法国并不罕见。只有改善预防措施才能降低法国疟疾的发病率。
