Mazaudier E, Raccurt C P, Schmitt A, Le Bras M, Ripert C
Université de Bordeaux 2, Santé-Voyages.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1990;83(5):693-704.
In 1989 there were 71 cases of imported malaria admitted to the hospital in Bordeaux. This is 16.5% and 29% lower than in 1988 and 1987 respectively, thanks to the widespread use in Africa of mefloquine chemoprophylaxis. Sub-Saharan Africa is involved in 95% of cases, mainly West Africa (70% of cases), unlike the situation in 1987, and the first cases of paludism despite mefloquine chemoprophylaxis appeared during the second semester from the seasonal mid-summer recrudescence onwards, in travellers returning from this region. The most frequent species is still Plasmodium falciparum (80% of declared cases). This imported disease especially affects young adults despite regular prophylaxis in 59% of cases. It is therefore important to recommend rigorous protection against anopheles. Male predominance (sex ratio: 5.5) was greater in 1989 than in the previous two years, and French nationals represented 85% of the population. Falciparum malaria presents symptoms in 95% of cases before the end of the month following the patient's return to France, while for P. ovale the time for symptoms to appear is between 39 days and two years after return. Management of patients on their return poses a problem of information, since in 40% of cases diagnosis is made more than a week after the first symptoms. Attacks are mild in most cases (93%); among the serious cases death occurred in a 3-year-old child. Thrombopenia is the most frequent biological sign (22.5% of cases), followed to a lesser degree by anaemia and leukopenia. Mild attacks respond well to classical treatment (halofantrine, mefloquine, quinine, chloroquine), while two cases of more complicated symptoms required exchange transfusion.
1989年，波尔多医院收治了71例输入性疟疾病例。这一数字分别比1988年和1987年低16.5%和29%，这得益于甲氟喹化学预防措施在非洲的广泛使用。撒哈拉以南非洲地区的病例占95%，主要是西非（占病例的70%），这与1987年的情况不同。尽管采取了甲氟喹化学预防措施，但从季节性仲夏复发开始的第二学期，在从该地区返回的旅行者中出现了首批疟疾病例。最常见的疟原虫种类仍然是恶性疟原虫（占报告病例的80%）。尽管59%的病例进行了定期预防，但这种输入性疾病尤其影响年轻人。因此重要的是推荐对按蚊进行严格防护。1989年男性占比（性别比：5.5）高于前两年，法国国民占人口的85%。95%的恶性疟病例在患者返回法国后的月底前出现症状，而卵形疟出现症状的时间是在返回后39天至两年之间。患者返回后的管理存在信息问题，因为40%的病例在出现首批症状一周多后才得以诊断。大多数病例的发作症状较轻（93%）；在严重病例中，一名3岁儿童死亡。血小板减少是最常见的生物学体征（占病例的22.5%），其次是程度较轻的贫血和白细胞减少。轻度发作对经典治疗（卤泛群、甲氟喹、奎宁、氯喹）反应良好，而两例症状较复杂的病例需要进行换血治疗。
