Blair Seth S
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, 250 North Mills Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Development. 2003 Nov;130(21):5065-72. doi: 10.1242/dev.00774.
Genetic screens for recessive mutations continue to provide the basis for much of the modern work on Drosophila developmental genetics. However, many of the mutations isolated in these screens cause embryonic or early larval lethality. Studying the effects of such mutations on later developmental events is still possible, however, using genetic mosaic techniques, which limit losses or gains of genetic function to specific tissues and cells, and to selected stages of development. A variety of genetic mosaic techniques have been developed, and these have led to key insights into developmental processes in the fly. Variations on these techniques can also be used to screen for novel genes that are involved in non-embryonic patterning and growth.
隐性突变的遗传筛选仍然是现代果蝇发育遗传学许多研究工作的基础。然而，在这些筛选中分离出的许多突变会导致胚胎或幼虫早期死亡。不过，利用遗传镶嵌技术仍有可能研究此类突变对后期发育事件的影响，该技术可将遗传功能的丧失或获得限制在特定组织和细胞以及选定的发育阶段。现已开发出多种遗传镶嵌技术，这些技术为深入了解果蝇的发育过程提供了关键见解。这些技术的变体也可用于筛选参与非胚胎模式形成和生长的新基因。
