Kutsch Wolfram, Berger Sebastian, Kautz Harald
Fachbereich Biologie, Universität, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany.
J Exp Zool A Comp Exp Biol. 2003 Oct 1;299(2):139-50. doi: 10.1002/jez.a.10297.
A device has been constructed allowing the simultaneous transmission of two separate electrical signals in unrestrained small animals. We employed this device to investigate the motor output in free-flying locusts. The activation pattern of several combinations of different muscles was recorded, including bilateral symmetric muscles and pairs of antagonists. Particular attention was paid to the recruitment of a specific set of flight muscles in both winged segments during rolling manoeuvres. The relationship of the muscle activation with wing movement was analysed in combination with a high-speed video-monitoring. The muscles are activated in advance of the relevant stroke directions, in opposition to previous studies of tethered flying locusts. During turning manoeuvres a statistically significant difference in timing of the bilateral symmetric muscles is not apparent; this contrasts with the distinct difference revealed for the bilateral wing movement. It is discussed that rolling might rely on the fine tuned interaction of several major flight muscles or on the precise activation of a specific wing hinge muscle. Correspondence with investigations of bird flight is discussed.
已构建出一种装置，可在不受束缚的小动物体内同时传输两个独立的电信号。我们使用该装置研究自由飞行蝗虫的运动输出。记录了不同肌肉多种组合的激活模式，包括双侧对称肌肉和拮抗肌对。特别关注了在翻滚动作中两个有翅节段中一组特定飞行肌肉的募集情况。结合高速视频监测分析了肌肉激活与翅膀运动的关系。与之前对系留飞行蝗虫的研究相反，肌肉在相关冲程方向之前被激活。在转弯动作中，双侧对称肌肉的激活时间在统计学上没有明显差异；这与双侧翅膀运动所显示的明显差异形成对比。讨论了翻滚可能依赖于几种主要飞行肌肉的精细调节相互作用或特定翼铰肌肉的精确激活。还讨论了与鸟类飞行研究的对应关系。
