Courtois F, Jullien A M, Chenais F, Noel L, Pinon F
Poste de Transfusion Sanguine, Hôpital Beaujon, CLICHY.
Transfus Med. 1992 Mar;2(1):51-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.1992.tb00134.x.
A National Register of transfusion-transmitted infections was opened by the French Society of Blood Transfusion on 1 October, 1986. Out of 54 initially reported cases of HIV-infection, allegedly transmitted by blood components, further investigation could be completed in 33 cases. The transfusional origin of contamination was considered as established or probable in 28/33 cases, either because a potentially infectious unit was identified among those transfused to the recipient (23/28), or because the recipient was known to be seronegative before transfusion (5/28), or both (10/28). In 5/33 cases transfusion was considered as presumably responsible for contamination because no other risk factor was found in the recipient. Among the 33 documented cases of HIV-transmission by screened blood, 29 (88%) occurred between 1985 and 1987, and four (12%) during 1988. Out of 19 implicated donors later found seropositive, 16 belonged to a high-risk group for HIV-infection. The majority of HIV-infections occurred as a consequence of blood donation in the window period between contamination and the appearance of detectable antibodies in the donor's serum (11/19). In three instances, however, human and operational errors led to the release of seropositive units. We conclude that the main value of this Register is to provide a potential trend-indicator of transfusion-related infectious risks, to allow objective documentation of reported cases and to contribute to the improvement of blood transfusion practice.
法国输血协会于1986年10月1日设立了输血传播感染国家登记册。在最初报告的54例据称因血液成分传播的HIV感染病例中，有33例可完成进一步调查。在33例病例中，有28例的输血污染来源被认定为确定或可能，原因要么是在输给受者的血液中发现了潜在感染性单位（23/28），要么是已知受者在输血前血清学呈阴性（5/28），要么两者皆有（10/28）。在33例中，有5例输血被认为可能是污染原因，因为在受者中未发现其他风险因素。在33例经筛查血液传播HIV的记录病例中，29例（88%）发生在1985年至1987年之间，4例（12%）发生在1988年。在后来发现血清学呈阳性的19名相关献血者中，16名属于HIV感染高危人群。大多数HIV感染是由于献血者在感染与血清中可检测抗体出现之间的窗口期献血所致（11/19）。然而，在三起案例中，人为和操作失误导致了血清学呈阳性的血液单位被放行。我们得出结论，该登记册的主要价值在于提供输血相关感染风险的潜在趋势指标，对报告病例进行客观记录，并有助于改进输血实践。
