Johansson L, Mattsson S, Nosslin B, Leide-Svegborn S
Department of Radiation Physics, Umeå University Hospital, Sweden.
Eur J Nucl Med. 1992;19(11):933-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00175858.
The effective dose, as defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP 1991), provides a possibility of expressing the radiation risk to patients undergoing different radiodiagnostic procedures by means of a single figure. This has been obtained by introducing organ or tissue weighting factors reflecting the radiation sensitivity of the organs. Such weighting factors were first published by the ICRP in publication 26 (1977), and have now been revised in publication 60 (1991). The effective dose for almost all radiopharmaceuticals in clinical use has been recalculated using the new weighting factors from ICRP 60 (1991) and compared with results from former calculations. A slight decrease in the numerical value for the effective dose has been observed, on average 11%. However, this does not correspond to a decrease in the estimated risk from the irradiation, since this has been re-evaluated and found to be higher than earlier believed (NAS 1990; ICRP 1991).
国际放射防护委员会（ICRP，1991年）所定义的有效剂量，提供了一种通过单一数值来表达接受不同放射诊断程序的患者所面临辐射风险的可能性。这是通过引入反映器官辐射敏感性的器官或组织权重因子而实现的。此类权重因子最初由ICRP在第26号出版物（1977年）中发布，现已在第60号出版物（1991年）中进行了修订。几乎所有临床使用的放射性药物的有效剂量均已使用ICRP 60（1991年）中的新权重因子重新计算，并与先前计算结果进行了比较。已观察到有效剂量的数值略有下降，平均下降了11%。然而，这并不对应于辐射所致估计风险的降低，因为该风险已被重新评估并发现高于先前的认知（美国国家科学院，1990年；ICRP，1991年）。
