Robbins S G, Wiggert B, Kutty G, Chader G J, Detrick B, Hooks J J
Immunology and Virology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992 Jan;33(1):60-7.
Inoculation of the neurotropic coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus strain JHM intravitreally or into the anterior chamber causes acute infection of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and neural retina. Weeks later, many retinas have foci of moderate to severe atrophy. The effect of coronavirus infection (after intravitreal inoculation) was examined on interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), the glycolipoprotein in the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) thought to transport retinoids between the photoreceptors and the RPE. Changes in IRBP distribution accompanied virus-associated retinal pathology, including photoreceptor loss and RPE abnormalities. Immunohistochemistry on days 3 and 6 showed that IRBP had diffused into the neural retina away from the IPM. The IRBP became localized abnormally in the same areas as virus-induced lesions, shown by staining adjacent sections with a monoclonal antibody specific for the viral nucleocapsid protein. Moreover, the level of IRBP in isolated retinas, measured in an immunoslot-blot assay, decreased significantly by day 3 and remained low through day 23. This decrease was confirmed in eyecups isolated on day 6. It may be caused in part by loss of photoreceptors and diffusion of IRBP through the retina into the vitreous. These studies show that a virus may induce an acute, limited infection in the retina that can be cleared by the host. However, the infection initiated a series of events resulting in long-term reduction and redistribution of a critical photoreceptor protein.
向小鼠玻璃体内或前房接种嗜神经性冠状病毒小鼠肝炎病毒JHM株会导致视网膜色素上皮（RPE）和神经视网膜的急性感染。数周后，许多视网膜会出现中度至重度萎缩灶。研究了冠状病毒感染（玻璃体内接种后）对光感受器间类视黄醇结合蛋白（IRBP）的影响，IRBP是光感受器间基质（IPM）中的一种糖脂蛋白，被认为在光感受器和RPE之间转运类视黄醇。IRBP分布的变化伴随着与病毒相关的视网膜病变，包括光感受器丧失和RPE异常。第3天和第6天的免疫组织化学显示，IRBP已从IPM扩散到神经视网膜。通过用针对病毒核衣壳蛋白的单克隆抗体对相邻切片进行染色表明，IRBP在与病毒诱导病变相同的区域异常定位。此外，在免疫斑点印迹分析中测量的分离视网膜中IRBP的水平在第3天显著下降，并在第23天一直保持在低水平。在第6天分离的眼杯中证实了这种下降。这可能部分是由于光感受器丧失以及IRBP通过视网膜扩散到玻璃体中所致。这些研究表明，病毒可能在视网膜中诱导急性、局限性感染，宿主可以清除这种感染。然而，这种感染引发了一系列事件，导致一种关键的光感受器蛋白长期减少和重新分布。
