Alcabes P, Vlahov D, Anthony J C
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Br J Addict. 1992 Jan;87(1):47-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1992.tb01899.x.
Using a community-based sample of 1632 intravenous drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, this study evaluated a possible selection bias faced when studying risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) in intravenous drug users drawn solely from treatment programs. Consenting subjects, recruited by extensive distribution of brochures and word-of-mouth, underwent confidential interviews about drug use behaviors in a setting that was independent of community service agencies. Of 1632 subjects, 275 (17%) were currently enrolled in treatment programs. These subjects were similar in many respects to those not currently in treatment, including HIV-1 seroprevalence; however, they differed in that those not in treatment were more likely to be male, younger and black than those currently in treatment, and to have started injecting drugs more recently. However, associations between HIV-1 seropositivity and a series of demographic and drug-using characteristics were mostly similar in direction and magnitude among subjects currently in treatment and those not in treatment. These results suggest that one-time samples of drug users enrolled in treatment programs do not necessarily present a misleading picture of correlates of HIV-1 seropositivity.
本研究以美国马里兰州巴尔的摩市1632名静脉吸毒者的社区样本为对象，评估了仅从治疗项目中选取静脉吸毒者来研究1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）危险因素时可能面临的选择偏倚。通过广泛发放宣传册和口口相传招募的受试对象，在独立于社区服务机构的环境中接受了关于吸毒行为的保密访谈。1632名受试对象中，有275名（17%）目前正在接受治疗项目。这些受试对象在许多方面与未接受治疗的对象相似，包括HIV-1血清阳性率；然而，他们的不同之处在于，未接受治疗的对象比目前正在接受治疗的对象更可能为男性、更年轻、为黑人，且开始注射毒品的时间更近。然而，目前正在接受治疗的受试对象和未接受治疗的受试对象中，HIV-1血清阳性与一系列人口统计学和吸毒特征之间的关联在方向和程度上大多相似。这些结果表明，参与治疗项目的吸毒者的一次性样本不一定会对HIV-1血清阳性的相关因素呈现出误导性的情况。
