Mandell W, Vlahov D, Latkin C, Oziemkowska M, Cohn S
Department of Mental Hygiene, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Am J Public Health. 1994 Jun;84(6):920-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.6.920.
The sharing of contaminated injection equipment is the primary mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission for injection drug users. This study examined demographic factors, life events, and drug use practices that are potential risk factors for sharing injection equipment.
Between February 1988 and March 1989, 2921 active injection drug users were interviewed and questioned about their backgrounds, life-styles, and patterns of injection drug use.
Of 2524 participants who reported injecting drugs within the 6 months prior to study enrollment, 70.4% reported recent needle sharing. A multivariate analysis found needle sharing to be more frequent among those with a history of arrest and lower socioeconomic status, even after accounting for other demographic and drug use variables. In addition, recent needle sharing was higher in male homosexual or bisexual men than in their heterosexual counterparts.
These data suggest that injection drug users have an economic motive to share needles and that the availability of free and legal needles may reduce levels of needle sharing.
共用受污染的注射器具是注射吸毒者感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的主要传播方式。本研究调查了作为共用注射器具潜在危险因素的人口统计学因素、生活事件及吸毒行为。
在1988年2月至1989年3月期间，对2921名现职注射吸毒者进行了访谈，询问了他们的背景、生活方式及注射吸毒模式。
在2524名报告在研究入组前6个月内有注射吸毒行为的参与者中，70.4%报告最近有共用针头的行为。多变量分析发现，即使在考虑了其他人口统计学和吸毒变量后，有被捕史和社会经济地位较低者共用针头的情况更频繁。此外，男同性恋或双性恋男性最近共用针头的情况比异性恋男性更高。
这些数据表明，注射吸毒者有共用针头的经济动机，免费和合法针头的可得性可能会降低共用针头的水平。
