The influence of dietary fiber on proliferation of intestinal mucosal cells in miniature swine may not be mediated primarily by fermentation.

Cannulated miniature pigs were used as a model for evaluating the effects of fiber-containing diets on proliferation of colonic epithelial cells. Biopsy specimens taken from the mucosa of the cecum and distal colon were incubated in [3H]thymidine and processed using autoradiography. Digesta from the cecum was analyzed for concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), pH and volume. Cellular proliferation at both intestinal sites was influenced by the source or quantity of dietary fiber. These dietary variables also influenced SCFA concentrations and pH of cecal digesta and the volume of contents in the fermentation chamber. Cellular proliferation was not significantly correlated, however, with the quantity of water-soluble dietary fiber consumed, with SCFA concentrations or pH of the cecal digesta, or with the volume of the fermentation chamber. We suggest that the influence of dietary fiber on intestinal cell proliferation cannot be predicted from markers of the fermentation capacity of specific diets, because fiber likely influences intestinal proliferation through several interactive mechanisms, some of which include luminal factors.