Collins S, Caron M G, Lefkowitz R J
Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Trends Biochem Sci. 1992 Jan;17(1):37-9. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(92)90425-9.
Transmembrane signaling systems relay information from the exterior to the interior of a cell, through a series of complex protein-protein interactions and second messenger cascades. One such system consists of the G-protein-coupled receptors, which interact with G proteins upon ligand binding, and in turn activate an effector molecule. The receptor is the first component in this signaling cascade and is subject to considerable regulation. Recent studies have shown that these regulatory events can occur at the levels of receptor protein modification and receptor gene expression. Interestingly, some of these processes appear to be mediated by the same second messenger systems that these receptors activate, which leads to various forms of positive and negative feedback regulation.
跨膜信号系统通过一系列复杂的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和第二信使级联反应，将信息从细胞外部传递到细胞内部。其中一个这样的系统由G蛋白偶联受体组成，该受体在配体结合时与G蛋白相互作用，进而激活一个效应分子。受体是这个信号级联反应中的第一个组成部分，并受到相当程度的调节。最近的研究表明，这些调节事件可以发生在受体蛋白修饰和受体基因表达水平。有趣的是，其中一些过程似乎是由这些受体激活的相同第二信使系统介导的，这导致了各种形式的正反馈和负反馈调节。
