WEISS J M
J Exp Med. 1955 Feb 1;101(2):213-24. doi: 10.1084/jem.101.2.213.
The effects of sublethal amounts of the cationic dye, neutral red, upon the structure of pancreatic exocrine cells, and upon the mitochondria of renal distal tubule cells, have been studied with the electron microscope. It was found that neutral red is a cytoplasmic toxin which causes reproducible and characteristic changes in the ergastoplasm, the zymogen granules, the mitochondria, and possibly in the Golgi complex. Ergastoplasmic membranes and granules and zymogen granules lose definition and become continuous with the cytoplasmic matrix. Mitochondria lose their internal folds, develop vacuoles which contain a solution of neutral red in high concentration, and form the nidus for the development of sudanophilic, argyrophilic, osmiophilic inclusions which appear in the cytoplasm after neutral red administration. Golgi granules, one of the three elements of the Golgi complex, appear to increase in number and to be scattered more widely through the cytoplasm than is normal. No consistent changes were found in the cell membrane or nucleus. The ability of the mitochondria to concentrate the cation, neutral red, taken with its well known ability to concentrate the cationic Janus dyes and methylene blue, and its probable role in concentrating those cationic dyes which have been used to demonstrate the "vacuome," is interpreted to signify that one of the functions of mitochondria may be to concentrate intracellar cations.
用电子显微镜研究了亚致死量的阳离子染料中性红对胰腺外分泌细胞结构以及肾远曲小管细胞线粒体的影响。发现中性红是一种细胞质毒素，可引起内质网、酶原颗粒、线粒体以及可能的高尔基体复合体发生可重复的特征性变化。内质网膜、颗粒和酶原颗粒失去清晰度，并与细胞质基质连续。线粒体失去其内部褶皱，形成含有高浓度中性红溶液的液泡，并成为嗜苏丹性、嗜银性、嗜锇性包涵体形成的核心，这些包涵体在给予中性红后出现在细胞质中。高尔基体颗粒是高尔基体复合体的三个组成部分之一，其数量似乎增加，并且比正常情况更广泛地散布在细胞质中。在细胞膜或细胞核中未发现一致的变化。线粒体浓缩阳离子中性红的能力，与其浓缩阳离子贾纳斯染料和亚甲蓝的众所周知的能力，以及其在浓缩那些用于显示“液泡系（vacuome）”的阳离子染料中的可能作用，被解释为表明线粒体的功能之一可能是浓缩细胞内阳离子。
