透析单位中丙型肝炎病毒抗体的流行情况。

Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus in a dialysis unit.

作者信息

Cantù P, Mangano S, Masini M, Limido A, Crovetti G, DeFilippo C

机构信息

Dialysis Service, S. Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate, Italy.

出版信息

Nephron. 1992;61(3):337-8. doi: 10.1159/000186931.

DOI:10.1159/000186931

PMID:1323784

Abstract

Anti-HCV was tested in 77 uremic patients, 48 on hemodialysis (HD), 29 on CAPD, by immunoenzymatic 1st and 2nd generation assays (ELISA I, II) and 4-antigen (4-RIBA) immublotting. The investigation was extended to the staff (n = 29) and to HCV-positive patients' families (n = 30). The prevalence using 2nd generation tests was double (21%) that in 1st generation tests (11%). A greater incidence in the HD than in the CAPD group (23 vs. 17%) and a highly significative correlation to dialytic age were observed. No one among the sanitary personnel and only 2 family members were found HCV positive, suggesting a low infectivity via the parenteral inevident route. Extracorporeal circulation and particularly the exposure time to the treatment seem to be the main risk factors.

摘要

采用免疫酶法第一代和第二代检测（酶联免疫吸附测定I、II）以及4抗原（4-重组免疫印迹法）免疫印迹法，对77例尿毒症患者进行抗丙型肝炎病毒（Anti-HCV）检测，其中48例接受血液透析（HD），29例接受持续性非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）。研究范围扩大至工作人员（n = 29）和丙型肝炎病毒阳性患者的家属（n = 30）。使用第二代检测的患病率是第一代检测（11%）的两倍（21%）。观察到血液透析组的发病率高于持续性非卧床腹膜透析组（23%对17%），且与透析年龄高度相关。卫生人员中无人丙型肝炎病毒呈阳性，家属中仅有2人呈阳性，表明经非肠道隐匿途径的传染性较低。体外循环，尤其是治疗的暴露时间似乎是主要危险因素。