Toh Y, Kuwano H, Tanaka S, Baba K, Matsuda H, Sugimachi K, Mori R
Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Cancer. 1992 Nov 1;70(9):2234-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19921101)70:9<2234::aid-cncr2820700903>3.0.co;2-3.
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been implicated strongly in the pathogenesis of human squamous cell carcinomas, especially of anogenital carcinomas. Some pathologic changes of the esophagus may be one of the candidates for HPV etiology, but the role of HPV infections in the carcinogenesis of the esophagus remains to be clarified.
To elucidate the association of HPV with carcinogenesis of the esophagus, 45 biopsy samples of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were examined for the presence of HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Primers for PCR were (1) consensus primers (CP) for the simultaneous amplification of the E6-E7 regions of cancer-associated HPV types (HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 52b, and 58), which have been shown to have transforming activities; (2) type-specific primers (SP16, SP18) for the E7 regions of HPV 16 and HPV 18, respectively; and (3) general primers (GP) for the simultaneous amplification of the L1 regions of HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33.
PCR using CP first was done for screening and showed that 3 (6.7%) of 45 specimens contained HPV 16 or HPV 18 DNA, the oncogenic high-risk HPV types. This was confirmed by SP16 and SP18 PCR. However, no HPV DNA was detected by PCR using GP. These results suggested that the HPV DNA detected might be integrated into the cell genome with their transforming genes retained and their late regions deleted.
Most oncogenic types of HPV (HPV 16 and HPV 18) were detected by PCR in carcinomas of the esophagus. Thus, HPV might play a role, although at a low frequency, in carcinogenesis of the esophagus.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与人类鳞状细胞癌尤其是肛门生殖器癌的发病机制密切相关。食管的一些病理变化可能是HPV病因的候选因素之一，但HPV感染在食管癌发生中的作用仍有待阐明。
为阐明HPV与食管癌发生的关系，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测45例食管鳞状细胞癌活检标本中HPV DNA的存在情况。PCR引物如下：（1）通用引物（CP），用于同时扩增与癌症相关的HPV型别（HPV 16、18、31、33、52b和58）的E6-E7区域，这些区域已被证明具有转化活性；（2）分别针对HPV 16和HPV 18的E7区域的型特异性引物（SP16、SP18）；（3）通用引物（GP），用于同时扩增HPV 6、11、16、18、31和33的L1区域。
首先使用CP进行PCR筛查，结果显示45例标本中有3例（6.7%）含有致癌高危HPV型别HPV 16或HPV 18 DNA。这一结果通过SP16和SP18 PCR得到证实。然而，使用GP进行PCR未检测到HPV DNA。这些结果表明，检测到的HPV DNA可能已整合到细胞基因组中，其转化基因得以保留，晚期区域缺失。
通过PCR在食管癌中检测到了大多数致癌型HPV（HPV 16和HPV 18）。因此，HPV可能在食管癌发生中发挥作用，尽管频率较低。
