JOHNSON A G, GAINES S, LANDY M
J Exp Med. 1956 Feb 1;103(2):225-46. doi: 10.1084/jem.103.2.225.
Quantitative studies have demonstrated that a purified lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) derived from the O-901 strain of Salmonella typhosa markedly enhanced the antibody response of rabbits when given separately or in conjunction with protein antigens. The augmentation of antibody levels varied from 2- to 40-fold with the number of injections, the dosage of antigen and endotoxin, and the route of administration. This antibody-enhancing property was found to be common to a broad group of endotoxins from Gram-negative bacilli and was not restricted to the lipopolysaccharide derived from S. typhosa. Factors affecting this enhancement were investigated, and data are presented which indicate that host susceptibility to endotoxin is a prerequisite for elevation of antibody levels; the intact lipopolysaccharide, as isolated, might not be essential for this activity; and the rate of clearance of antigen from the circulation of rabbits was accelerated when endotoxin was given in conjunction with protein. The data obtained are discussed in relation to postulated mechanisms on the antibody-enhancing action of endotoxin.
定量研究表明，从伤寒沙门氏菌O-901菌株中提取的纯化脂多糖（内毒素），单独给予或与蛋白质抗原联合使用时，能显著增强兔子的抗体反应。抗体水平的提高幅度因注射次数、抗原和内毒素的剂量以及给药途径而异，可达2至40倍。发现这种抗体增强特性在来自革兰氏阴性杆菌的一大类内毒素中很常见，并不局限于伤寒沙门氏菌衍生的脂多糖。研究了影响这种增强作用的因素，并给出的数据表明，宿主对内毒素的易感性是抗体水平升高的先决条件；分离出的完整脂多糖可能并非这种活性所必需；当内毒素与蛋白质联合使用时，抗原从兔子循环系统中的清除速率会加快。结合关于内毒素抗体增强作用的假定机制对所获得的数据进行了讨论。
