Insertion of the B2 sequence into intron 13 is the only defect of the H-2k C4 gene which causes low C4 production.

The serum level of the fourth component of complement (C4) in mice bearing H-2k haplotype is only 1/10 of that of non-H-2k mice. H-2k bearing mice, but not non-H-2k bearing mice, have an insertion of the B2 sequence into intron 13 of the C4 gene, and aberrant C4 mRNA in liver apparently generated by abnormal RNA splicing caused by the insertion of the B2 sequence. To test the possible causal relationship between the B2 insertion and low C4 production in H-2k mice directly, we constructed the H-2k C4 gene without the B2 insertion and the H-2w7 (non-H-2k) C4 gene with the B2 insertion by exchanging a part of intron 13 between these two genes. Transfection of the intact H-2w7 C4 gene or the chimeric H-2k gene without the B2 insertion into HepG2 cells resulted in the production of only normal C4 mRNA at the normal level. On the other hand, the intact H-2k C4 gene or the chimeric H-2w7 C4 gene with the B2 insertion directed production of both aberrant and a decreased amount of normal C4 mRNA. These results demonstrated that the insertion of B2 sequence into intron 13 of the C4 gene is the only determinant of low C4 production by H-2k mice through aberrant RNA processing.