Rowland T W
Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01199.
Can J Sport Sci. 1992 Dec;17(4):259-63.
Children have long been suspected of having a diminished capability of responding to endurance training with improvements of maximal oxygen uptake compared to adults. However, studies examining the trainability of children have been beset with methodologic flaws that have precluded firm conclusions about such adult/child differences. Most studies in children that have involved adequate intensity, type, and duration of training have demonstrated the same qualitative changes as would be expected from adult subjects. Some information suggests that children may need a greater exercise intensity than adults to trigger cardiovascular adaptations to training. Other data raise questions regarding differences in autonomic influences on the heart and myocardial function in children that could relate to age-dependent responses to training.
长期以来，人们一直怀疑与成年人相比，儿童通过提高最大摄氧量来对耐力训练作出反应的能力有所下降。然而，研究儿童可训练性的研究一直存在方法学上的缺陷，这使得无法就这种成人/儿童差异得出确凿结论。大多数涉及足够训练强度、类型和持续时间的儿童研究都表明，其发生的质性变化与成人受试者预期的相同。一些信息表明，儿童可能需要比成年人更大的运动强度来引发心血管对训练的适应性变化。其他数据则引发了有关儿童自主神经对心脏和心肌功能影响差异的问题，这些差异可能与年龄相关的训练反应有关。
