Helle N, Linke B, Mager M, Schreiber G, Bögl K W
Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie des Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Fachgebiet Lebensmittelbestrahlung, Berlin.
Z Ernahrungswiss. 1992 Sep;31(3):205-18. doi: 10.1007/BF01611143.
Electron spin resonance spectroscopy can be used for the detection of irradiation of various groups of foodstuffs. The results of ESR-measurements on irradiated meat and fish and fresh fruit, as well as dried fruit, spices and nuts as performed by the food irradiation laboratory of the German Federal Health Office are summarized in this report. For the detection of irradiated meat and fish, we examined the bones. Using the results from 10 different animal bones, we were able to develop an official method according to the German law section 35 LMBG. A similar routine method for fish will be established in 1992 (at the moment, an intercomparison with German food control laboratories is in progress). Irradiated dried fruit can be identified easily, because unirradiated samples give no ESR-spectra, while irradiated fruit show a partially resolved spectrum, which is caused by radiation induced sugar radicals. Interestingly, the structure of the resulting spectra is not identical for all irradiated species of fruit. We found three different types of ESR-spectra for irradiated dried fruit. Irradiated nutshells show an ESR-spectrum which reveals two additional lines (from cellulose-radicals) beside the main signal, while unirradiated samples show only the main signal. An official method for identifying irradiated nuts will be proposed in 1992. Irradiation specific ESR-signals of the cellulose radical were not only found for nutshells but also for fresh fruit and some spices, while most of the irradiated spices and herbs could not be identified by ESR-measurements.
电子自旋共振光谱法可用于检测各类食品的辐照情况。本报告总结了德国联邦卫生局食品辐照实验室对辐照肉类、鱼类、新鲜水果以及干果、香料和坚果进行的电子自旋共振测量结果。为检测辐照肉类和鱼类，我们检查了骨头。利用来自10种不同动物骨头的结果，我们依据德国食品和日用品法第35条制定了一种官方方法。1992年将建立一种类似的鱼类常规检测方法（目前正在与德国食品检测实验室进行比对）。辐照干果很容易识别，因为未辐照的样品不会产生电子自旋共振光谱，而辐照过的水果会显示出部分分辨的光谱，这是由辐射诱导的糖自由基引起的。有趣的是，不同种类辐照水果所产生的光谱结构并不相同。我们发现辐照干果有三种不同类型的电子自旋共振光谱。辐照过的坚果壳显示出一种电子自旋共振光谱，除了主要信号外还揭示出另外两条谱线（来自纤维素自由基），而未辐照的样品只显示主要信号。1992年将提出一种识别辐照坚果的官方方法。不仅在坚果壳中发现了纤维素自由基的辐照特异性电子自旋共振信号，在新鲜水果和一些香料中也发现了，而大多数辐照过的香料和草药无法通过电子自旋共振测量来识别。
