Elkins R L, Walters P A, Orr T E
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1992 Oct;16(5):928-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1992.tb01895.x.
This report updates the bidirectional selective breeding of taste aversion (TA) prone (TAP) and TA resistant (TAR) rat lines from the 8th through the 22nd generations. A palatable saccharin solution and the aversive consequences of a cyclophosphamide injection are the respective conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) of line development. Nonsibling matings within each of the two extremes of TA conditionability have produced TAP and TAR lines having markedly different TA propensities. As previously reported, the substitution of a rotational (i.e., motion sickness) US for cyclophosphamide during TA conditioning also produced characteristic line differences in conditioned taste aversion acquisition. The present report extends the effective line separating USs to include injections of lithium chloride, emetine hydrochloride, and EtOH. A range of EtOH dose levels produced dose-dependent TAs within TAP rats but failed to induce TAs in TAR rats. Following the conclusion of TA testing, the administration of a hypnotic EtOH dose produced equivalent loss of righting capability and equivalent hypothermia in both TAP and TAR rats. The line differences in EtOH induced TA conditionability therefore do not reflect general line differences in EtOH sensitivity. The lines may be useful within studies of biological bases of TA conditionability and animal analog studies of prevention and treatment of alcohol dependence.
本报告更新了从第8代到第22代味觉厌恶（TA）易感性（TAP）和TA抗性（TAR）大鼠品系的双向选择育种情况。可口的糖精溶液和环磷酰胺注射产生的厌恶后果分别是品系发育的条件刺激（CS）和非条件刺激（US）。在TA条件性的两个极端情况内进行非同胞交配，产生了具有明显不同TA倾向的TAP和TAR品系。如先前报道，在TA条件化过程中用旋转（即晕动病）US替代环磷酰胺，在条件性味觉厌恶习得方面也产生了特征性的品系差异。本报告将有效的品系区分US扩展到包括注射氯化锂、盐酸依米丁和乙醇。一系列乙醇剂量水平在TAP大鼠中产生了剂量依赖性的TA，但在TAR大鼠中未能诱导出TA。在TA测试结束后，给予催眠剂量的乙醇在TAP和TAR大鼠中产生了同等程度的翻正能力丧失和同等程度的体温过低。因此，乙醇诱导的TA条件性方面的品系差异并不反映乙醇敏感性方面的一般品系差异。这些品系可能在TA条件性的生物学基础研究以及酒精依赖预防和治疗的动物类似研究中有用。
