O'Neill H C
Division of Clinical Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra.
Immunol Cell Biol. 1992 Jun;70 ( Pt 3):193-9. doi: 10.1038/icb.1992.24.
Retroviruses have been implicated as causative agents for a range of diseases including neoplasia, autoimmunity and immunosuppression. No two retroviruses carry the same complement of genes and for this reason it is not surprising that they induce a variety of different disease states. One common element in retroviral evolution has been the need to avoid immune recognition in order to persist within the host. A comparative approach, looking at various persistent retroviruses, has been used to pin-point the types of genetic adaptations adopted by retroviruses to remain hidden, often within the T cell compartment. Most of these retroviruses are T-cell-tropic and the diseases which they induce usually reflect the effect of the retrovirus on normal lymphocyte function.
逆转录病毒已被认为是一系列疾病的病原体，包括肿瘤形成、自身免疫和免疫抑制。没有两种逆转录病毒携带相同的基因组合，因此它们引发多种不同的疾病状态也就不足为奇了。逆转录病毒进化中的一个共同因素是需要避免免疫识别以便在宿主体内持续存在。一种比较方法，即观察各种持续性逆转录病毒，已被用于确定逆转录病毒为保持隐藏（通常在T细胞区室中）而采用的基因适应类型。这些逆转录病毒大多具有嗜T细胞性，它们所引发的疾病通常反映了逆转录病毒对正常淋巴细胞功能的影响。
