A review of foot and mouth disease in Nepal.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) causes substantial economic losses to the predominantly agricultural community of the Kingdom of Nepal. FMD is endemic in the country and four of the seven serotypes of FMD virus have been isolated (O, A, C and Asia 1). The epidemiology of FMD and the factors which play a role in its prevalence and spread are outlined. The National Epidemiological Laboratory for FMD has been established in Kathmandu and its diagnostic capabilities and activities are described. The important points to be considered in the formulation of any future regional or national control programme for FMD in Nepal are discussed.