MOSES M J
J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1956 Jul 25;2(4 Suppl):397-406. doi: 10.1083/jcb.2.4.397.
In this paper, a procedure for correlating electron microscope and light microscope cytochemical studies using immediately adjacent serial thin and thick sections has been described and discussed. This technique, combined with the Feulgen reaction for DNA, has been of particular value in framing and answering both general and specific questions about the nucleus. The results may be summarized as follows:- Apparent nuclear homogeneity in the electron microscope is not due to loss of DNA as evidenced by positive Feulgen reactions in such nuclei. Arrangement of Feulgen-positive material in chromosomes, heterochromatin, perinuclear and perinucleolar chromatin, etc., is similar to that customarily observed in the light microscope but this is not necessarily reflected in a cursory survey of the electron image. Careful comparison of light and electron images shows that fine differences in structure are associated with chromatin localization. Primary spermatocyte prophase chromosomes of crayfish have been positively identified by their Feulgen-positive nature. Core-like axial structures in such chromosomes have been observed (9) and are described further. A remarkable feature of spermiogenesis in the crayfish is an elaboration of the nuclear envelope of the spermatid accompanying the formation of what becomes a mass of convoluted membranes in the sperm. In the spermatid, perinuclear chromatin follows outpocketings of the nuclear envelope into the cytoplasm. In the early sperm, on the other hand, although the nuclear envelope is continuous with the system of convoluted membranes, the chromatin is distinct from it and is retained in the nucleus proper by some mechanism independent of the nuclear envelope. None of the above observations was apparent from the electron microscope images alone; they were possible only by virtue of the correlated cytochemical and electron microscope study of adjacent sections. The successful use of other cytochemical tests, such as the PAS reaction for certain carbohydrates, in such correlated studies is also described.
本文描述并讨论了一种使用紧邻的连续薄切片和厚切片来关联电子显微镜和光学显微镜细胞化学研究的方法。该技术与用于DNA的福尔根反应相结合，在构建和回答有关细胞核的一般和特定问题方面具有特殊价值。结果可总结如下： - 电子显微镜下细胞核表面的均匀性并非由于DNA丢失，因为此类细胞核的福尔根反应呈阳性。福尔根阳性物质在染色体、异染色质、核周和核仁周染色质等中的排列与光学显微镜中通常观察到的相似，但这在对电子图像的粗略观察中不一定能体现出来。对光学图像和电子图像的仔细比较表明，结构上的细微差异与染色质定位有关。小龙虾初级精母细胞前期染色体已通过其福尔根阳性特性得到明确鉴定。已观察到此类染色体中的核心样轴向结构（9）并作进一步描述。小龙虾精子发生的一个显著特征是，伴随精子中形成一团卷曲膜，精细胞的核膜会发生精细变化。在精细胞中，核周染色质跟随核膜的袋状突出进入细胞质。另一方面，在早期精子中，尽管核膜与卷曲膜系统相连，但染色质与之不同，并且通过某种独立于核膜的机制保留在细胞核内。仅从电子显微镜图像中无法看出上述任何观察结果；只有通过对相邻切片进行细胞化学和电子显微镜的关联研究才有可能得出这些结果。本文还描述了在这种关联研究中成功使用其他细胞化学测试的情况，例如针对某些碳水化合物的PAS反应。
