Morton L L, Wojtowicz M J, Williams N H, Kershner J R
University of Windsor, Faculty of Education, Ontario, Canada.
Int J Neurosci. 1992 May-Jun;64(1-4):83-96. doi: 10.3109/00207459209000535.
Normal adults (32 males and 32 females) were tested for time-of-day related shifts in laterality and priming on two dichotic listening tasks using consonant-vowel combinations (CVs) and musical melodies. The predicted time-of-day effect on melodies was due to males showing low report in the morning, but not the afternoon, suggesting increased right hemisphere involvement in the afternoon. A time-of-day-induced priming effect on the laterality index for CVs differentiated males and females. Males tested morning-first were more lateralized than females, who in turn were more lateralized when tested afternoon-first. A time-of-day-induced priming effect on the laterality index for music indicated those tested afternoon-first showed an overall left ear advantage (LEA), whereas those tested morning-first showed an overall right ear advantage (REA). On raw music scores a sex-linked, time-of-day-induced priming effect was due to the prior presentation of CVs--that is, cognitive priming. Other priming effects on music were evident for order of stimulus presentation and order of ear attended. Implications for theory, research and pedagogy are discussed.
对32名男性和32名女性的正常成年人进行了测试，使用辅音-元音组合（CVs）和音乐旋律，在两项双耳分听任务中研究了与时间相关的偏侧性和启动效应的变化。对旋律的预测时间效应是由于男性在早晨的报告率较低，但下午则不然，这表明下午右半球的参与度增加。时间诱导的对CVs偏侧性指数的启动效应区分了男性和女性。先在早晨测试的男性比女性更具偏侧性，而先在下午测试的女性则更具偏侧性。时间诱导的对音乐偏侧性指数的启动效应表明，先在下午测试的人总体上表现出左耳优势（LEA），而先在早晨测试的人总体上表现出右耳优势（REA）。在原始音乐分数上，一种与性别相关、由时间诱导的启动效应是由于CVs的先前呈现——也就是说，认知启动。对音乐的其他启动效应在刺激呈现顺序和所听耳朵顺序方面很明显。本文讨论了其对理论、研究和教学法的启示。
