Szánthó A, Osváth P, Horváth Z, Novák E K, Kujalek E
Szabadsághegy Children's Sanatorium, Budapest, Hungary.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1992 Mar-Apr;2(2):84-90.
We studied the change in sensitivity to propagating aerogenic fungi (spores, conidia) in extrinsic asthmatic children living in an urban environment from 1977 to 1988. According to the skin test, 10.6% of those examined in 1977 were sensitive to the fungi, the proportion being 30.4% in 1985 and 38.5% in 1987/88. The increase may be explained by the increasing frequency of sensitivity to Alternaria alternata and Phoma betae. In skin tests with Bencard allergens, reaction to both types was frequently observed. Of those sensitive to P. betae, 83% were also sensitive to A. alternata, and 87.5% of those sensitive to A. alternata were also sensitive to P. betae. The frequency of cross-reactions observed both with skin tests and specific IgE determinations suggests the presence of a common allergen, or epitope. The effect of environmental factors was analyzed with computer techniques. P. betae allergy was not related to detectable mold, humidity or number of pot plants in the home. The living conditions changed during the study period as follows: 1) housing conditions improved; 2) energy-saving building technologies were generally accepted; and 3) air pollution increased, also affecting the vegetation. The sensitizing masses of spores and conidia originated most likely from molds living on plants weakened and diseased by environmental pollution.
我们研究了1977年至1988年生活在城市环境中的外源性哮喘儿童对气传真菌（孢子、分生孢子）敏感性的变化。根据皮肤试验，1977年接受检查的儿童中有10.6%对真菌敏感，1985年这一比例为30.4%，1987/88年为38.5%。这种增加可能是由于对链格孢和甜菜茎点霉敏感性频率增加所致。在用本卡变应原进行的皮肤试验中，经常观察到对这两种类型的反应。在对甜菜茎点霉敏感的儿童中，83%也对链格孢敏感，而在对链格孢敏感的儿童中，87.5%也对甜菜茎点霉敏感。皮肤试验和特异性IgE测定中观察到的交叉反应频率表明存在共同的变应原或表位。用计算机技术分析了环境因素的影响。甜菜茎点霉过敏与家中可检测到的霉菌、湿度或盆栽植物数量无关。在研究期间，生活条件发生了如下变化：1）住房条件改善；2）节能建筑技术普遍被采用；3）空气污染增加，也影响了植被。孢子和分生孢子的致敏团块很可能源自生活在因环境污染而衰弱和患病的植物上的霉菌。
