Shimada T
Department of Agrobiology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Insect Mol Biol. 1992;1(1):45-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00076.x.
Although the 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of most eucaryotes consists of 155-170 nucleotides, in two dipterous species the 5.8S rRNA consists of two pieces, 123 and 30 nucleotides in length. The distribution of split 5.8S rRNA was studied in other Diptera and the most closely related order Siphonaptera to learn the origin of split 5.8S rRNA. Four species of mosquitoes, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex pipiens molestus, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles sp. (Culicidae) had a single 5.8S rRNA consisting of approximately 154 nucleotides. A flea Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) also had a single RNA of approximately 158 nucleotides. A crane fly (Tipulidae). a midge Orthocladius akamusi (Chironomidae), a robber fly (Asilidae), and a house fly Musca domestica (Muscidae), on the other hand, had divided 5.8S rRNA as did a fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophilidae) and a dark-winged fungus gnat Sciara coprophila (Sciaridae). Three hypotheses are proposed on the relationship between the evolution of the 5.8S rRNA and the phylogeny of Diptera.
尽管大多数真核生物的5.8S核糖体RNA（rRNA）由155 - 170个核苷酸组成，但在两种双翅目物种中，5.8S rRNA由两段组成，长度分别为123和30个核苷酸。为了探究分裂型5.8S rRNA的起源，我们研究了其他双翅目物种以及与其关系最密切的蚤目物种中分裂型5.8S rRNA的分布情况。四种蚊子，即三带喙库蚊、骚扰库蚊、白纹伊蚊、按蚊属（蚊科），具有由大约154个核苷酸组成的单一5.8S rRNA。一种跳蚤猫栉首蚤（蚤目：蚤科）也具有大约158个核苷酸的单一RNA。另一方面，一种大蚊（大蚊科）、一种摇蚊赤背正颤蚓（摇蚊科）、一种食虫虻（食虫虻科）以及一种家蝇家蝇（蝇科），与果蝇黑腹果蝇（果蝇科）和黑翅蕈蚋粪生黑翅蕈蚋（蕈蚋科）一样，具有分裂型5.8S rRNA。针对5.8S rRNA的进化与双翅目系统发育之间的关系，我们提出了三种假说。
