Kumar A, Rai K S
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556.
Hereditas. 1990;113(3):277-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00094.x.
In situ hybridization using 3H-labeled 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) probes from Aedes albopictus was performed on the mitotic chromosomes of 20 species of mosquitoes belonging to 8 genera of subfamilies Culicinae and Anophelinae. In all but one species examined, the rDNA family was localized to a single chromosome per haploid genome. Aedes triseriatus was the only exception, with the rDNA cistrons present on chromosome 1 and on chromosome 3. The ribosomal RNA genes were located on chromosome 1 in Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Ae. flavopictus, Ae. seatoi, A. polynesiensis, Ae. alcasidi, Ae. annandalei, Ae. mascarensis, Ae. hendersoni, Ae. atropalpus, Ae. epactius, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Wyeomyia smithii, and Sabethes cyaneus; chromosome 2 in Ae. mediovittatus and Haemagogus equinus; chromosome 3 in Armigeres subalbatus and Tripteroides bambusa; and the heteromorphic X and Y chromosomes in Anopheles quadrimaculatus. The variation in the location of ribosomal RNA genes on the different chromosomes and at different positions on the chromosome arm among the mosquito species examined is suggestive of considerable chromosome repatterning through translocations and inversions in the karyotypic evolution of mosquitoes. Dot-blot hybridization was used to estimate copy number of rRNA genes; the copy number per haploid genome ranged from 39 +/- 3.27 in Sa. cyaneus to 1023 +/- 68.14 in Ae. flavopictus.
使用来自白纹伊蚊的3H标记的18S和28S核糖体DNA（rDNA）探针，对库蚊亚科和按蚊亚科8个属的20种蚊子的有丝分裂染色体进行原位杂交。在所检测的所有物种中，除了一个物种外，rDNA家族在每个单倍体基因组中定位于一条染色体上。三带喙库蚊是唯一的例外，其rDNA顺反子存在于1号染色体和3号染色体上。核糖体RNA基因位于白纹伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、黄色伊蚊、海滨伊蚊、波利尼西亚伊蚊、阿尔卡西迪伊蚊、安南代尔伊蚊、马斯卡林伊蚊、亨德森伊蚊、阿特罗帕尔普斯伊蚊、埃帕克提乌斯伊蚊、致倦库蚊、斯氏按蚊和蓝带萨氏蚊的1号染色体上；位于中带伊蚊和马格戈斯伊蚊的2号染色体上；位于亚白纹阿蚊和竹生细蚊的3号染色体上；以及位于四斑按蚊的异形X和Y染色体上。在所检测的蚊子物种中，核糖体RNA基因在不同染色体上以及染色体臂上不同位置的定位变化表明，在蚊子的核型进化过程中，通过易位和倒位发生了相当大的染色体重排。采用斑点杂交法估计rRNA基因的拷贝数；每个单倍体基因组的拷贝数范围从蓝带萨氏蚊的39±3.27到黄色伊蚊的1023±68.14。
