Bruce J I, Miller R, Lightner L, Yoganathan S
Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Lowell, Massachusetts 01854.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 4:281-9. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000800044.
A 1% (W/V) formulation of Niclosamide (2', 5-Dichloro-4-nitrosalicylanilide) (TAP) was tested on Cebus apella monkeys as a topical prophylactic against schistosomiasis mansoni. Two experiments were conducted using the same formulation. In the first experiment, the TAP provided complete protection against schistosomiasis for 3 days. Of the 4 monkeys treated with TAP 7 days before exposure to Schistosoma mansoni cercariae, 2 were completely protected. The remaining 2 monkeys of the 7 day treatment group had a 78% or greater reduction in adult worm burdens when compared to the placebo treated monkeys. The second experiment was designed to determine the time between day 3 and 7 when the TAP no longer provided complete protection. However, all of the TAP treated monkeys in this experiment were completely protected, even the monkeys treated 7 days earlier. In both experiments, all monkeys used as infection controls and those receiving only the placebo became infected and showed typical experimental schistosomiasis. These results demonstrate that the TAP could provide fast acting, short-term protection to people who must enter cercariae infested water.
对卷尾猴进行了1%（重量/体积）氯硝柳胺（2',5-二氯-4-硝基水杨酰苯胺）（TAP）制剂作为预防曼氏血吸虫病的局部用药测试。使用相同制剂进行了两项实验。在第一个实验中，TAP提供了3天的完全血吸虫病防护。在接触曼氏血吸虫尾蚴前7天用TAP治疗的4只猴子中，2只得到了完全保护。与用安慰剂治疗的猴子相比，7天治疗组中其余2只猴子的成虫负荷减少了78%或更多。第二个实验旨在确定在第3天到第7天之间TAP不再提供完全保护的时间。然而，该实验中所有接受TAP治疗的猴子都得到了完全保护，甚至是提前7天治疗的猴子。在两项实验中，所有用作感染对照的猴子和仅接受安慰剂的猴子都被感染，并表现出典型的实验性血吸虫病。这些结果表明，TAP可以为必须进入受尾蚴感染水体的人提供快速起效的短期保护。
