Hagan P, Abath F G
Division of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 4:95-8. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000800013.
For many years the epidemiological significance of immunity in human schistosomiasis has been the subject of inconclusive debate. Recently, the results of studies from Brazil and Kenya, on Schistosoma mansoni and from Zimbabwe and The Gambia on S. haematobium have confirmed the importance of protective immunity. In communities in endemic areas the development of immunity to infection only occurs after many years of exposure. In part this is due to the slow development of antibodies which are protective but also to the earlier development of antibody isotypes which lack protective capacity and which are capable of interfering with the functioning of protective antibodies. Protective antibodies appear to be of the IgE class but some IgG subclasses may also be important. Initially, blocking antibodies were thought to be predominantly IgM and IgG2 but IgG4 also seems to possess blocking activity. The early production of blocking antibodies and late production of protective antibodies may be indicative of cytokine induced immunoglobulin class switching caused by the sequential involvement of different lymphokines.
多年来，人类血吸虫病免疫力的流行病学意义一直是尚无定论的争论焦点。最近，巴西和肯尼亚关于曼氏血吸虫的研究结果，以及津巴布韦和冈比亚关于埃及血吸虫的研究结果，证实了保护性免疫的重要性。在流行地区的社区中，对感染的免疫力要经过多年接触才会形成。部分原因是具有保护作用的抗体发育缓慢，同时缺乏保护能力且能够干扰保护性抗体功能的抗体亚型发育较早。保护性抗体似乎属于IgE类，但某些IgG亚类可能也很重要。最初，阻断抗体被认为主要是IgM和IgG2，但IgG4似乎也具有阻断活性。阻断抗体的早期产生和保护性抗体的晚期产生可能表明不同淋巴因子的相继参与导致细胞因子诱导的免疫球蛋白类别转换。
