Tresco P A, Winn S R, Aebischer P
Section of Artificial Organs, Biomaterials and Cellular Technology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912.
ASAIO J. 1992 Jan-Mar;38(1):17-23.
Parkinson's disease, a neurologic disorder characterized by a dopamine deficit within the striatum, may be improved by transplantation of polymer encapsulated neurosecretory cells. Surrounding cells with a selectively permeable barrier offers several advantages, including preventing immune rejection and tumor formation while allowing functional efficacy. Bovine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells, or PC12 cells, a rat-derived pheochromocytoma cell line, were encapsulated within polyelectrolyte-based microcapsules or thermoplastic-based macrocapsules. Histologic and biochemical analyses revealed that both types of cells survived and that neurotransmitter release from capsules was sustained for several months in vitro, irrespective of the encapsulation method employed. Both of the encapsulation systems protected the enclosed cells from an immunologic challenge in vitro, and prevented immune rejection when cell containing capsules were implanted in an immunologically incompatible host. Chromaffin or PC12 cell containing capsules implanted into the dopamine (DA) depleted striatum of rats reduced the lesion associated functional deficit. These results suggest that encapsulated neurosecretory cell implants may be useful in treating various central nervous system (CNS) deficits, particularly in cases involving a specific neurochemical lesion.
帕金森病是一种以纹状体内多巴胺缺乏为特征的神经疾病，通过移植聚合物包裹的神经分泌细胞可能会有所改善。用选择性渗透屏障包裹细胞有几个优点，包括防止免疫排斥和肿瘤形成，同时保证功能有效性。牛肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞或PC12细胞（一种源自大鼠的嗜铬细胞瘤细胞系）被包裹在基于聚电解质的微胶囊或基于热塑性塑料的大胶囊中。组织学和生化分析表明，两种类型的细胞都存活了下来，并且无论采用何种包裹方法，囊泡中的神经递质释放都能在体外持续数月。两种包裹系统都能在体外保护被包裹的细胞免受免疫攻击，并在将含细胞的囊泡植入免疫不相容的宿主时防止免疫排斥。植入到大鼠多巴胺（DA）耗竭纹状体中的含嗜铬细胞或PC12细胞的囊泡减轻了与损伤相关的功能缺陷。这些结果表明，包裹的神经分泌细胞植入物可能对治疗各种中枢神经系统（CNS）缺陷有用，特别是在涉及特定神经化学损伤的情况下。
