Dolan R B, Stevenson P G, Alushula H, Okech G
Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute (KETRI), Kikuyu.
Acta Trop. 1992 Jun;51(2):113-21. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(92)90053-z.
The duration of prophylaxis provided by 1 mg kg-1 bodyweight of homidium bromide was compared with that provided by 1 mg kg-1 bodyweight of isometamidium chloride in a 12 month field trial involving 90 Boran cattle exposed to trypanosome challenge on Galana Ranch in Kenya. Weekly trypanosome prevalences of over 30% were observed during 4 of the 12 months. During these periods of heavy challenge, parasites were detected 2-3 weeks after administration of both homidium bromide and isometamidium chloride. Both prophylactic drugs were administered, on a group basis, eight times over the 12 month trial and in addition individual infections were also treated with diminazene aceturate. Isometamidium chloride provided slightly longer periods of prophylaxis than homidium bromide, 28.4 days compared with 25.4 days. There was a highly significant difference in the productivity of the two groups during a period of poor grazing. 27% of the isometamidium chloride herd died from a severe wasting condition with substantial liver damage evident on post mortem. The condition was not observed in the homidium bromide herd. The surviving animals in the isometamidium chloride herd had a mean annual weight gain of 24 kg less than that recorded in the homidium bromide herd.
在肯尼亚加拉纳牧场进行的一项为期12个月的田间试验中，对体重1毫克/千克的溴化羟乙磺酸盐和体重1毫克/千克的氯异甲硝眯的预防期进行了比较，该试验涉及90头博拉牛，使其面临锥虫感染挑战。在12个月中的4个月里，每周锥虫感染率超过30%。在这些感染严重的时期，在施用溴化羟乙磺酸盐和氯异甲硝眯后2 - 3周检测到寄生虫。在为期12个月的试验中，两种预防药物均按组给药8次，此外，个别感染还用乙酰甘氨酸二脒那嗪进行了治疗。氯异甲硝眯的预防期比溴化羟乙磺酸盐略长，分别为28.4天和25.4天。在放牧条件较差的时期，两组牛的生产力存在极显著差异。氯异甲硝眯组中有27%的牛死于严重消瘦症，死后可见肝脏有明显损伤。在溴化羟乙磺酸盐组中未观察到这种情况。氯异甲硝眯组中存活的动物平均年体重增加比溴化羟乙磺酸盐组记录的少24千克。
