Miyagi I, Toma T, Mogi M
Laboratory of Medical Zoology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
Med Vet Entomol. 1992 Jul;6(3):290-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1992.tb00620.x.
To control container-breeding mosquitoes in the small island of Minnajima (0.56 km2), northern Okinawa, Japan, laboratory-reared adults (aged 7-10 days) of Toxorhynchites splendens (Palawan strain), a mosquito with predatory larvae, were released repeatedly during 1984, 1986 and 1987. Thirteen species of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) occurred in artificial containers, ground pools or crab-holes on the island, the predominant species being Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus and Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus. Predatory mosquito larvae of Culex (Lutzia) fuscanus and Cx (Lt.) halifaxii were found commonly in wet containers. In the first year of study, during a period of 54 days from 13 May to 5 July 1984, totals of 879 female and 806 male adults of Tx.splendens were released on six occasions. Similarly, between 29 April and 30 August 1986, totals of 2920 female and 2878 male adult Tx.splendens were released. In the third study year, totals of 2041 female and 1783 male Tx.splendens were released on eight occasions during 199 days from 23 April to 7 November 1987. After adult releases at two sites, the immature stages of Tx.splendens were found in 164 out of 502 traps in 1984, 421 out of 933 traps in 1986, and 151 out of 502 traps in 1987. The number of immatures of Tx.splendens present in each trap varied from 1 to 40 in 1984, 1 to 29 in 1986 and 1 to 9 in 1987. Numbers of immatures of the target species found in the traps during August-September averaged 71.9/trap/month in 1984, 114.7/trap/month in 1986 and 36.0/trap/month in 1987, significantly less in the traps with Tx.splendens than in those without them. The present field studies indicated that, in this small island, approximately 250 adult female and 200 male Tx.splendens per month should be released from April to November, and the releases should be carried out every year, in order to control effectively the target mosquitoes Ae.albopictus and Cx quinquefasciatus breeding in artificial containers in Minnajima.
为了控制日本冲绳岛北部水纳岛（面积0.56平方公里）容器孳生的蚊虫，1984年、1986年和1987年期间，多次释放了实验室饲养的华丽巨蚊（巴拉望品系）成虫（7至10日龄），其幼虫具有捕食性。该岛人工容器、地面水池或蟹洞中出现了13种蚊虫（双翅目：蚊科），优势种为白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊。在潮湿容器中常见到贪食库蚊和哈氏库蚊的捕食性幼虫。在研究的第一年，即1984年5月13日至7月5日的54天内，分六次共释放了879只雌性和806只雄性华丽巨蚊成虫。同样，在1986年4月29日至8月30日期间，共释放了2920只雌性和2878只雄性华丽巨蚊成虫。在第三个研究年度，1987年4月23日至11月7日的199天内，分八次共释放了2041只雌性和1783只雄性华丽巨蚊成虫。在两个地点释放成虫后，1984年在502个诱捕器中有164个发现了华丽巨蚊的未成熟阶段，1986年在933个诱捕器中有421个发现，1987年在502个诱捕器中有151个发现。每个诱捕器中发现的华丽巨蚊未成熟个体数量在1984年为1至40只，1986年为1至29只，1987年为1至9只。8月至9月期间，诱捕器中发现的目标物种未成熟个体数量在1984年平均为71.9只/诱捕器/月，1986年为114.7只/诱捕器/月，1987年为36.0只/诱捕器/月，有华丽巨蚊的诱捕器中的数量明显少于没有华丽巨蚊的诱捕器。目前的实地研究表明，在这个小岛上，为了有效控制在水纳岛人工容器中孳生的目标蚊虫白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊，应在4月至11月期间每月释放约250只成年雌性和200只成年雄性华丽巨蚊，并且每年都应进行释放。
