Hawkins M J
Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Cancer Research Center, Washington, DC.
Oncology (Williston Park). 1992 Dec;6(12):17-23; discussion 27-30.
Taxol, an agent with a unique mechanism of action, has been shown to be highly active in patients with refractory ovarian cancer and may well have significant activity in other malignancies such as breast and lung cancer. The camptothecin analogs, another unique class of agents, have demonstrated antitumor activity in phase I and II trials. Finally, the anthrapyrazoles are intercalating agents with clinical activity in breast cancer and a toxicity profile that may permit increased dose intensity using colony-stimulating factor support. While this review focuses on these three drug classes, a number of other agents with apparently unique mechanisms of antitumor activity and unusual dose-limiting toxicities are in earlier development. These include antimetabolites; inhibitors of DNA, RNA, or protein synthesis; differentiating agents; agents that inhibit tumor growth by binding to growth factors; and agents whose mechanism of action is best classified as unknown.
紫杉醇是一种作用机制独特的药物，已证明其对难治性卵巢癌患者具有高度活性，并且很可能对其他恶性肿瘤如乳腺癌和肺癌也有显著活性。喜树碱类似物是另一类独特的药物，在Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期试验中已显示出抗肿瘤活性。最后，蒽吡唑类是嵌入剂，对乳腺癌具有临床活性，其毒性特征可能允许在使用集落刺激因子支持的情况下提高剂量强度。虽然本综述重点关注这三类药物，但还有许多其他具有明显独特抗肿瘤活性机制和异常剂量限制性毒性的药物正处于早期研发阶段。这些药物包括抗代谢物；DNA、RNA或蛋白质合成抑制剂；分化剂；通过与生长因子结合来抑制肿瘤生长的药物；以及作用机制最适宜归类为不明的药物。
