Pessina A C, Pauletto P, Rossi G P, Valle R
Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi di Padova.
Ann Ital Med Int. 1992 Jul-Sep;7(3 Suppl):112S-118S.
Arterial hypertension is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. The mechanisms involved include elevation of blood pressure, increased velocity of the sphygmic wave and increased blood flow turbulence. These hemodynamic features however do not fully explain the link between hypertension and atherosclerosis. An important role is also played by humoral factors including catecholamines, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, serotonin, endothelin, platelets and endothelium-derived growth factors. Furthermore in the last few years great relevance has been attributed to hyperinsulinemia (accompanied by hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia) that is frequently found in hypertensive subjects. Several recent reports on the antiatherogenic effect of some antihypertensive agents that could slow down the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in hypertensive subjects are promising.
动脉高血压是动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素。涉及的机制包括血压升高、脉搏波速度增加和血流湍流增加。然而，这些血液动力学特征并不能完全解释高血压与动脉粥样硬化之间的联系。包括儿茶酚胺、肾素 - 血管紧张素 - 醛固酮系统、血清素、内皮素、血小板和内皮衍生生长因子在内的体液因素也发挥着重要作用。此外，在过去几年中，高血压患者中常见的高胰岛素血症（伴有高胆固醇血症和高甘油三酯血症）也具有重大意义。最近有几份关于某些降压药的抗动脉粥样硬化作用的报告很有前景，这些药物可能会减缓高血压患者动脉粥样硬化病变的进展。
