Srour E F, Hoffman R, Zanjani D
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
J Hematother. 1992 Summer;1(2):143-53. doi: 10.1089/scd.1.1992.1.143.
Despite seminal contributions provided by in vitro studies to the field of hematopoiesis, our present knowledge of mammalian lymphohemopoiesis and the mechanisms governing differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells has been derived in most part from elegant in vivo studies. The inability to apply such an approach to the examination of the human hematopoietic system is the primary reason why several aspects of human hematopoiesis including human stem cell biology are still poorly understood. To overcome the inability to probe human hematopoiesis in vivo, researchers have "humanized" animals via the transplantation of human hematopoietic progenitor cells and other tissues in an attempt to create human-animal chimera suitable for investigating human lymphohematopoiesis in vivo. To date, several of these "humanized" animal models have been developed. During their relatively short existence, human-animal models have contributed substantially to the field of experimental hematology. The development, peculiarities, shortcomings, and applications of these animal models as well as their potential use in exploring the field of human lymphohematopoiesis are the focus of this review.
尽管体外研究对造血领域有开创性贡献，但我们目前对哺乳动物淋巴细胞生成以及造血干细胞分化和自我更新调控机制的了解，大多来自出色的体内研究。无法将这种方法应用于人类造血系统的研究，是包括人类干细胞生物学在内的人类造血多个方面仍未被充分理解的主要原因。为克服无法在体内探究人类造血的问题，研究人员通过移植人类造血祖细胞和其他组织，使动物“人源化”，试图创建适合在体内研究人类淋巴细胞生成的人 - 动物嵌合体。迄今为止，已经开发出了几种这样的“人源化”动物模型。在其相对较短的存在时间里，人 - 动物模型对实验血液学领域做出了重大贡献。这些动物模型的开发、特点、缺点和应用，以及它们在探索人类淋巴细胞生成领域的潜在用途，是本综述的重点。
